首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
A fundamental problem for understanding the evolution of human language has been the lack of significant parallels among nonhuma
A fundamental problem for understanding the evolution of human language has been the lack of significant parallels among nonhuma
admin
2019-01-01
32
问题
A fundamental problem for understanding the evolution of human language has been the lack of significant parallels among nonhuman primates. Several studies found that nonhuman primates do not have a vocal tract. However, such points have been challenged by recent research, suggesting that nonhuman primates may after all be valuable models for understanding the evolution of speech and language.
The main animal model for vocal learning has been birdsong acquisition. However, there are crucial differences between birdsong acquisition and human language learning. And given some severe limitations, for example, birds have two vocal organs and do not have the flexible supralaryn-geal structures that facilitate speech, of birdsong as a model of speech, there is value in seeking other appropriate parallels among mammals.
Recent studies on macaques and baboons have shown that the vocal tracts of these monkeys can produce a full range of human-like vowels. Turn-taking is a key to fluent human conversation and has been thought to be unique to humans. One study found that captive chimpanzees increasingly share resources when resources are diminished. Collaborative turn-taking for food has been seen in other primates. These recent studies show that there is value in looking for the evolutionary origins of speech and language in nonhuman primates.
Human speech and language are highly complex systems with multiple components. Thus, to fully explain language origins, researchers must seek multiple models that represent both diverging and
converging
evolutionary processes. There may also be differences among primate species in the developmental processes that parallel human language acquisition. However, no studies have yet described vowel-like sounds in these monkeys, so marmosets and tamarins may be useful primarily for developmental studies.
It is probable that early humans faced evolutionary pressures that differed from those encountered by other primates and that have made our complex communication system adaptive. Language may have been important for coordinating activities in large cooperative groups. If individuals can thrive without complex vocal signaling, there would be little motivation to push the communication further. Different sensory and motor systems may be important. We tend to evaluate language through a vocal / auditory system, whereas research on apes is beginning to illustrate the complexity of gestural communication.
Nonhuman primates do not talk, but we should not expect them to. Each species has its own adaptations for communication. Nevertheless, there is much about language evolution that we can learn from nonhuman primates, provided that we study a variety of species and consider the multiple components of speech and language.
We can infer from Paragraph 4 that_____.
选项
A、nonhuman primates are of great significance in studying the fountain of speech
B、the relationship between human speech and language is extremely complicated
C、fluent human conversation has no relationship with turn-taking
D、the vocal tracts of the mammals can produce human-like vowels
答案
B
解析
根据题干关键词定位到文章第四段。作者在该段中提出自己的观点,指出语言系统是非常复杂的,然后进一步阐释,故B项“人类言语和语言之间的关系是极其复杂的” 符合题意。A项“非人灵长类动物在研究语言的来源方面具有重要的意义”、C项“流利的人际对话与人的交谈没有任何关系”和D项“哺乳动物的声带可以产生类似人类的元音”均不是作者在第四段中表达的内容,故选B。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/ci6Z777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Theproblemwithtoday’shousingcrisis,politically,isthatitisjustnotallthatvisible.AttheendoftheSecondWorldWa
InalabinOxfordUniversity’sexperimentalpsychologydepartment,researcherRoiCohenKa-doshistestingarelativelynewbra
Consumersandproducersobviouslymakedecisionsthatmoldtheeconomy,butthereisathirdmajor【C1】______toconsidertherole
Consumersandproducersobviouslymakedecisionsthatmoldtheeconomy,butthereisathirdmajor【C1】______toconsidertherole
Consumersandproducersobviouslymakedecisionsthatmoldtheeconomy,butthereisathirdmajor【C1】______toconsidertherole
Thearrivalofthemass-producedcar,justoveracenturyago,causeda(n)【C1】______ofbusinesscreation.Firstcamethemakers
Thearrivalofthemass-producedcar,justoveracenturyago,causeda(n)【C1】______ofbusinesscreation.Firstcamethemakers
Thearrivalofthemass-producedcar,justoveracenturyago,causeda(n)【C1】______ofbusinesscreation.Firstcamethemakers
Thearrivalofthemass-producedcar,justoveracenturyago,causeda(n)【C1】______ofbusinesscreation.Firstcamethemakers
随机试题
某病人新发现肺结核,胸片示左上肺云雾状淡薄阴影,有空洞形成,痰涂片查到结核菌,拟采用短程化疗,下列哪种方案最为理想
下列属于图像前处理的是
急性胰腺炎的CT常见表现不包括
A、p溶血性链球菌B、梭状芽胞杆菌C、铜绿假单胞菌D、大肠杆菌E、金黄色葡萄球菌痈的致病菌是
对该病人最可能的诊断是食管吞钡X线片描述下列哪项是错误的
下述有关水利工程建设项目的质量监督期说法正确的为()。
根据我国海关的规定,过境货物的过境期限为()。
批处理是包含一个或者多个Transact-SQL语句的组,它将一次性地发送到SQLServer中执行,用(2)来通知SQLServer一批-Transact-SQL语句的结束。
若用户需求不清晰且经常发生变化,但系统规模不太大且不太复杂,则最适宜采用__________(15)开发方法。对于数据处理领域的问题,若系统规模不太大且不太复杂,需求变化也不大,则最适宜采用_________(16)开发方法。(15)
Pentium4HT微处理器可以模拟两个逻辑CPU并发执行两个线程,Intel公司将这种技术称为______技术。
最新回复
(
0
)