首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
African Economic Growth A)Good news for Africa, say the experts. Growth is healthy and broad-based, fuelled in part by infrastru
African Economic Growth A)Good news for Africa, say the experts. Growth is healthy and broad-based, fuelled in part by infrastru
admin
2015-01-31
62
问题
African Economic Growth
A)Good news for Africa, say the experts. Growth is healthy and broad-based, fuelled in part by infrastructure spending, domestic demand and trade. "A lot of people think growth in Africa is only driven by mineral wealth or oil-exporting countries, but we find that even countries that are not resource rich are still growing." said Angela Lusigi, an economist and policy advisor for the Regional Bureau for Africa in the United Nations Development Program. "This is mainly because of their agricultural sector and growth in services[including tourism]and a little in manufacturing."
Trade
B)The report found that Africa’s main foreign commercial partner is Europe, which accounted for nearly 40 percent of African trade, while 25 percent was with Asia and about 12 percent with North America. This year’s African Economic Outlook notes that African countries traded $81 million worth of goods among themselves in 2012, and that such trade is growing faster than the continent’ s exports to the rest of the world. In the decade ending in 2010, inter-African trade experienced over 13 percent annual growth.
C)Much of that trade is in light manufacturing of such goods as textiles, clothing, leather, building material, farm implements and wood products. Lusigi says there’ s also strong domestic demand for manufactured goods, including television sets, phones and other mobile technology. She says many of these products can be made in Africa.
Regional performance
D)According to the report, two regions—East and West Africa—are leading the economic expansion, with over 6 percent growth. Ethiopia, with a nearly 10 percent growth rate, leads the pack in East Africa. Tanzania, Uganda, and Rwanda are predicted to achieve rates of between 6.5 percent and 7.5 percent—thanks in large part to agriculture, industry and services. Kenya, because of the financial sector and communications technology, is expected to reach nearly 6 percent.
E)Economists expect vigorous growth in West Africa as well, with a rate of over 7 percent over the next two years. While oil is an important source of revenue, other sectors are also showing promise. Nigeria is supported by agriculture, trade and information, and communications technology. Manufacturing is important to Ghana, and Sierra Leone is the fastest growing country in the region because of its iron ore exports, agriculture and construction.
F)In Southern Africa, Angola, Mozambique and Zambia have grown between 5 percent and 7 percent. With labour unrest and weak foreign export markets, South African growth is expected to be a bit slower, reaching nearly 3 percent over the next two years.
Reasons behind growth
G)The report attributes growth in part to lower inflation, particularly in energy and food prices, and to cautious macroeconomic policies by African nations. They include efforts to reduce deficits by cutting spending, or limiting growth, and improving tax collection.
H)The report notes the country with the most impressive record of fiscal consolidation(财政整顿)is Zambia, which has nearly balanced a budget that just two years ago had a deficit of 11 percent of GDP. Other countries, including Egypt, Mozambique, Angola, and Cameroon, have met the economic downturn in recent years with greater spending and higher deficits. The funds that had been saved for emergencies helped provide a social safety net, including funds for health and education services.
I)The report urges these countries to restore the funds that provided a buffer(缓冲)against economic crisis, and also to create policies that ensure that everyone benefits from growth. "The report says the underlying macroeconomic framework is in place," said Luigi. A lot of countries are working to balance their budgets, they do not yet have unstainable debt, they are managing their exchange rate, and right now a lot of countries are putting their focus in borrowing to investing in infrastructure, and this is happening not just in oil-exporting countries but even those not considered to be resource rich.
J)"There’ s been a lot of change where a lot of countries have stable macro and fiscal policies, and the next step is how to translate this stable framework into inclusive growth that touches the lives of people—because we are seeing a lot of inequality. We have to see how growth can influence all people, not just one group."
External Inflows
K)The report says external inflows of cash to Africa have remained stable or are growing. Official development assistance(ODA)—estimated to be about $55 billion— remains an important life line for poor countries that lack sufficient foreign direct investment.
L)Remittances(汇款)from Africans abroad have remained healthy. They have rebounded since the economic downturn in 2009 and are expected to reach about $67 billion this year. Remittances are now the largest single external flow of funds to the continent and an important contributor to education and health care expenses. The report quotes World Bank figures showing countries with the largest increases in foreign funds are Sudan, Uganda, Burkina Faso, and Niger. It notes that funding from the foreign continues to play an import contributor to GDP in the Gambia, Lethoso, Liberia and Senegal.
M)Following close behind revenues from remittances is foreign direct investment, currently at nearly $40 billion. The report predicts that with sustained interest by investors in manufacturing and services, FDI could be more than $54 billion over the next three years. Henri-Bernard Solignac Lecompte, the head of the Africa Desk at the OECD Development Centre in Paris, said "We also see a rise in greenfield FDI in some light manufacturing, some agricultural products processing and market-seeking investments of people who are putting together[market-seeking investments]. So, you have[retailers like the South African firm]Massmart investing in Eastern Africa, signally that investors are increasingly recognizing Africa as not just a store of commodities, but also as a market".
N)The report says a decade of strong growth has reduced poverty in sub-Saharan Africa—with the number of people living on less than $1.25 per day, falling from nearly 60 percent to just below 50 percent.
O)Continued growth, it says, depends upon the ability of countries to participate in so-called global value chains—as South Africa has done with manufacturing car parts. It also depends on creating an environment that attracts investors and a work force with the skills that contribute to global manufacturing.
According to the report the most remarkable record of fiscal consolidation is Zambia which has solved its big deficit two years ago.
选项
答案
H
解析
此句意为:财政整顿记录最引入注目的是赞比亚,它解决了两年前的巨大财政赤字。根据题干中的fiscal consolidation可以定位到H段中的The report notesthe country with the most impressive record of fiscal consolidation is Zambia,which has nearly balanced a budget that just two years ago had a deficit of 11 percent of GDP.题干中的remarkable record是对impressive record的同义转述。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/cmh7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
Economicsandweatherhavealotincommon.Knowingwhatconditionswillbelikeinthefutureweeksormonthsisnoteasy.One
Economicsandweatherhavealotincommon.Knowingwhatconditionswillbelikeinthefutureweeksormonthsisnoteasy.One
Manypeoplebecomequietandtensewhentheyfirstmeetsomeonetheydonotknow,orwhentheyfaceanewsituation.Theybecome
A、Thegovernmentwantstoshowmoreconcernforthehealthofthepeople.B、Thegovernmentneedstoimportmoregoodsfromabroa
A、Thewomandoesn’tthinkitaproblemtogetherpassportrenewed.B、Thewomanhasdifficultyrenewingherpassport.C、Thewoma
ImprovingthebalancebetweentheworkingpartofthedayandtherestofitisagoalofagrowingnumberofworkersinrichWe
A、Governmentsraisethetaxesoncigarettes.B、Multinationaltobaccocompaniessupportsportsevents.C、Farmersgrowtobaccoto
Largecompaniesneedawaytoreachthesavingsofthepublicatlarge.Thesameproblem,onasmaller【B1】______,facespractica
A、Workerscan’treceivetheregulartraining.B、Companiesbegintofiretheirworkers.C、Thegovernmentimposesheavytaxesonp
DoestheWorldFaceaFutureofWaterWars?[A]Throughouthistory,peoplehavefoughtbitterwarsoverpoliticalideology,natio
随机试题
Shell解释双引号中的字符时,没有特殊含义的字符是_______。
A.细胞中含粗大嗜天青颗粒比例≥30%B.POX反应、非特异性酯酶均阴性C.糖原染色阳性,呈块状或颗粒状D.非特异性酯酶阳性,能被NaF抑制以上细胞化学染色有助于诊断下列疾病的是急性单核细胞白血病
硝酸甘油口服.经门静脉入肝.进入体循环的药量约10%.这说明该药
沟槽开挖过程的支撑与支护说法正确的有()。
下列房屋附属设备和配套设施,无论在会计核算中是否单独记账与核算,都应计入房产原值,计征房产税的有()。
信用的基本特征是()。
“二战”期间太平洋战区的转折点是()。
按照上下文连贯的要求,下面横线上依次填入最恰当的一项是()。有一颗感恩的心,会让我们的社会多一些宽容与理解,_______,多一些和谐与温暖,_______,多一些真诚与团结,_______。
某选区进行人大代表选举,代表名额2人,第一次投票结果,候选人按得票多少排序为甲、乙、丙、丁,其中仅甲获得半数选票,按照《选举法》的规定,下列说法正确的是()。
在窗体中要显示一门课程的基本信息和选修该课程的学生,窗体设计时要在主窗体中显示课程的基本信息,在子窗体中显示选修该课程的学生名单,则主窗体和子窗体数据源之间的关系是
最新回复
(
0
)