首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
It has become fashionable to issue dire projections of declining prosperity based on demographic aging. But is that really such
It has become fashionable to issue dire projections of declining prosperity based on demographic aging. But is that really such
admin
2019-09-17
63
问题
It has become fashionable to issue dire projections of declining prosperity based on demographic aging. But is that really such a problem?
There is no doubt that all countries of the world are getting older, but they are at very different stages of the process. The median age in the United States — with half the population older and half younger — is currently 36. In Ethiopia, it’s 18, owing to a higher birthrate and a lower life expectancy. In other African countries, it’s even lower. The world’s oldest country is Germany, where the median age is 45.
The pattern is very clear: The young countries are poor, and the old countries are rich. So why do people fear population aging? I see two reasons. The first is psychological: The analogy to individual aging suggests that as populations get older, they grow frail and lose mental
acuity
. The second comes from economists and an indicator called the dependency ratio, which assumes that every adult below age 65 contributes to society, and everybody above 65 is a burden. And the proportion of people older than 65 is bound to increase.
Yet we also know that the productivity of some individuals is much higher than that of others, independent of age. Nothing is inherently special about the age of 65. Many people live longer and do so mostly in good health. The saying "
seventy is the new 60
" has a sound scientific basis. Meanwhile, education has been shown to be a key determinant of better health, longer life and higher productivity (not to mention open-mindedness). The active aging of better-educated populations can be an asset rather than a problem.
To appreciate how projections based on the simplistic dependency ratio can be misleading, consider the two population billionaires, China and India. In 2050 China’s population will be older than India’s because of its more rapid fertility decline. But so what? China’s population is much better educated and therefore much more productive. Furthermore, only a minority of Chinese will retire at age 65. We can expect most Chinese to make meaningful contributions through work as long as they are in good health, particularly if they find their jobs interesting and satisfying. Again, this is largely a question of education. In India today, one out of three adults has never seen a school from the inside. In China only 8 percent, mostly elderly, have no schooling. In India, 50 percent of young women have less than a junior secondary education; in China, the figure is only 15 percent. Knowing how important education is to economic performance, who would seriously claim that India’s future is brighter than China’s owing to slower aging?
Population aging is not irrelevant, but it should be seen in conjunction with other dimensions of human capital, especially education and health. Here the prospects are good. In most countries of the world — with the notable exception of the United States — the young are clearly better educated than the old and may thus compensate for their smaller numbers through higher productivity.
Viewing the quality of human capital as resting on a collection of elements, many of them manageable, is something that the private sector has been doing for a long time. Every sizable business pays attention to human resource management. For governments, the equivalent would be a form of national human resource management that considers education, migration, family, labor, health, and retirement as components that interact richly — and together drive the richness of the future.
The author believes that______.
选项
A、aging population is closely related to economic decline
B、aging population can still make contributions to society
C、governments should pay more attention to aging population
D、further education is key to the productivity of aging population
答案
B
解析
论点概括。文章第一段提出问题“But is that(aging)really such a problem”,经过中间两段的论述,第四段最后一句得出结论“The active aging of better-educated populations can be an asset rather than a problem”,然后本文继续讨论如何善待并有效利用人力资源,因此,选项B符合作者的论点。【知识拓展】作者对于所述问题的论点可由分论点概括而来,也可根据论述逻辑推理而来。本文的论点属于后者。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/cqwO777K
本试题收录于:
CATTI三级笔译综合能力题库翻译专业资格(CATTI)分类
0
CATTI三级笔译综合能力
翻译专业资格(CATTI)
相关试题推荐
Directions:Readthepassage.Thenanswerthequestions.Giveyourself20minutestocompletethispracticeset.
ThissectionmeasuresyourabilitytospeakinEnglishaboutavarietyoftopics.Therearesixquestionsinthissection.Fore
ParkandBurgess’smodelhascometobeknownasthe"concentric-zonemodel"(representedbythefigure).Becausethemodelwaso
Asoilbecomesincreasinglydifficulttofind,thesearchforitisextendedintomore-hostileenvironments.Thedevelopmentof
Itisbetterforchildrentogrowupinthecountrysidethaninabigcity.Doyouagreeordisagree?Usespecificreasonsande
Somepeoplethinkthattheycanlearnbetterbythemselvesthanwithateacher.Othersthinkthatitisalwaysbettertohavea
"Whenpeoplesucceed,itisbecauseofhardwork.Luckhasnothingtodowithsuccess."Doyouagreeordisagreewiththequotat
"MigrationfromAsia"TheAsianmigrationhypothesisistodaysupportedbymostofthescientificevidence.Thefirst"hard"
Improvedhumanwell-beingisoneofthegreatesttriumphsofthemodernera.Theageofplentyhasalsoledtoanunexpectedglo
Hewasgreatlyvexedbythenewandunexpecteddevelopment.
随机试题
肌梭传入纤维的神经冲动可
急进性肾小球肾炎主要的病理改变为
A、硝酸银试剂B、三苯四氮唑盐试剂C、苯胺-邻苯二甲酸试剂D、3,5-二羟基甲苯-盐酸试剂E、过碘酸加联苯胺使还原糖显棕黑色的显色剂是()。
建设工程档案移交应符合的要求包括( )。
发生铁路建设工程质量事故,建设、施工、监理单位应在事故发生后()小时内,向地区铁路监督管理局报告。
据虎门路东耗二村村民小组村民陈先生介绍,两年前,因修建广深沿江高速,包括他在内的26户村民近40亩土地(责任田和自留地)被征用。征用后,广深沿江高速以每亩15.2万元给予了社区补偿款,共600多万元。村小组的小组长多次表示,土地补偿款是集体所有,村小组将用
某中学在新生入学后,做了一项学生课余爱好调查,了解学生兴趣爱好,并依据学校教学计划,组建国学、器乐、生物、物理、航模等兴趣小组。其主要目的是()。
发展性评价的主要功能是()
假设你今天上午和朋友一起参观了一座现代化高中,该校示意图和你们的参观路线(图中的箭头所示)如下:请你写一篇日记,记述你们的参观过程。注意:词数100词左右。
WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasanareainthebilateraltradebetweenChinaandArgentina?
最新回复
(
0
)