首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
In economics, demand implies something slightly different from the common meaning of the term. The layman, for example, often us
In economics, demand implies something slightly different from the common meaning of the term. The layman, for example, often us
admin
2013-01-18
55
问题
In economics, demand implies something slightly different from the common meaning of the term. The layman, for example, often used the term to mean the amount that is demanded of an item. Thus, if the price were to decrease and individuals wanted more of the item, it is commonly said that demand increases. To an economist, demand is a relationship between a series of prices and a series of corresponding quantities that are demanded at these prices. If one roads the previous sentences carefully, it should become apparent that there is a distinction between the quantity demanded and demand. This distinction is often a point of confusion and we all should be aware of and understand the difference between these two items. We repeat, therefore, that demand is a relationship between price and quantities demanded, and therefore suggests the effect of one (e. g. , price) on the other (e. g. quantity demanded). Therefore, knowledge of the demand for a product enables one to predict how much more of a product will be purchased if price decreases. But the increase in quantity demanded does not mean demand has increased, since the relationship between price and quantity (i.e. , the demand for the product) has not changed. Demand shifts when there is a change in income, expectations, tastes, etc. , such that a different quantity of the product is demanded at the same price.
In almost all cases, a consumer wants more of an item if the price decreases. This relationship between price and quantity demanded is so strong that it is referred to as the "law of demand". This "law" can be explained by the income and substitution effects. The income effect occurs because price increases reduce the purchasing power of the individual and, thus, the quantity demanded of goods must decrease. The substitution effect reflects the consumer’s desire to get the "best buy". Accordingly, if the price of product A increases, the individual will tend to substitute another product and purchase less of goods A. The negative correlation between price and quantity demanded is also explained by the law of diminishing marginal utility. According to this law, the additional utility the consumer gains from consuming a product decreases as successively more units of the product are consumed. Because the additional units yield less utility or satisfaction, the consumer is willing to purchase more only if the price of the product decreases.
Economists distinguish between individual and market demand. As the term implies, individual demand concerns the individual consumer and illustrate the quantities that individuals demand at different prices. Market demand includes the demand of all individuals for a particular goods and is found by summing the quantities demanded by all individuals at the various prices.
The other side of the price system is supply. As in the case of demand, supply is a relationship between a series of prices and the associated quantities supplied. It is assumed that as price increases the individual or firm will supply greater quantities of a product. There is a positive correlation between quantity supplied and product price.
Economists also distinguish between a change in supply and quantity supplied. The distinction is similar to the one made with respect to demand. Also, as in the case of demand, economists distinguish between individual firm supply and market supply, which is the summation of individual supply.
Taken together, supply and demand yield equilibrium of price and quantity. Equilibrium is a state of stability, with balanced forces in which prices and quantity will remain constant. Moreover, there are forces in the market that will act to establish equilibrium if changes in demand or supply create disequilibrium. For example, if prices are above equilibrium, the quantity supplied exceeds quantity demanded and surpluses occur that have a downward pressure on prices. These pressures will persist until equilibrium is established. If prices are below equilibrium, the product will become scare and there will be an upward pressure on price.
What can you infer from the passage?
选项
A、Price decreases as more products are supplied.
B、There is a positive correlation between supply and demand.
C、There is an upward pressure on price if more products are demanded. ,
D、Both quantity demanded and quantity supplied are dependent on product prices.
答案
C
解析
题目考查“由文章内容得出的推断”。最后一段后面部分:For example,if prices are above equilibrium,the quantity supplied exceeds quantity demanded and surpluses occur that have a downward pressure on prices.These pressures will persist until equilibrium is established.If prices are below equilibrium,the product will become scare and there will be an upward pressure on price.通过这段话可知,答案是C。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/dF2O777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Therecoveryand______ofthecountry’seconomyhasalsobeenaccompaniedbyincreasingdemandsforhighqualityindustrialsi
Some______goodluckbroughtusnothingbuttrouble.
NicholasChauvin,aFrenchsoldier,airedhisvenerationofNapoleonBonaparteso______andunceasinglythathebecamethelaug
Aparticularareainwhichassumptionsandvaluesdifferbetweenculturesisthatoffriendship.FriendshipsamongAmericansten
【66】Astateuniversitypresidentwasarrestedtodayandchargedwithimpersonateapoliceofficerbecame,theauthoritiessay,h
ThehistoryofrespondstotheworkoftheartistSandroBotticelli(1444--1510)suggeststhatwidespreadappreciationbycritic
Engineeringstudentsaresupposedtobeexamplesofpracticalityandrationality,butwhenitcomestomycollegeeducationIam
Engineeringstudentsaresupposedtobeexamplesofpracticalityandrationality,butwhenitcomestomycollegeeducationIam
Scholarsandstudentshavealwaysbeengreattravelers.Theofficialcasefor"academicmobility"isnowoftenstatedinimpress
Recentlyscientistshavebeen【1】andperfectingothersourcesofenergy:nuclearoratomicpower,solar(sun)power,andsyntheti
随机试题
区块分析的对象是整个()。
《秋水》一文中,庄子通过北海若之口说“伯夷辞之以为名,仲尼语之以为博”,表明作者对伯夷与孔子的态度是()
善行气,燥湿,消积,除满的药物是化湿解暑,长于和中止呕的药物是
A.恶心呕吐B.锥体外系反应C.再生障碍性贫血D.听神经障碍E.消化道溃疡硫酸亚铁引起的典型药源性疾病是()。
某35kV电气装置工程项目,某机电安装公司通过招投标中标。施工项目经理部为了保证施工项目按期完成,使资源配置尽量达到合理和最大限度地降低成本,就组织人员进行施工进度计划的编制,编制采用的方法是横道图施工进度计划。在施工过程中的部分施工工序和要点如下:
某乡总面积179平方公里,其中林地面积113平方公里,总人口13866人,辖8个村民委,84个自然屯,119个村民小组,居住着苗、瑶、侗、壮、汉、仫佬、水等民族,其中苗族占总人口的46.3%,少数民族占总人口的80%。该乡有丰富的竹木资源,当地群众依地取
下列各项中,不属于财政部门对有关单位实施会计监督检查的内容的有( )。
从所给的四个选项中,选择最合适的一个填入问号处,使之呈现一定的规律性:
慢性肾功能不全时,代谢性酸中毒的原因包括()。
通过对监督对象进行治安监督检查,公安机关可以作出哪些处理?()
最新回复
(
0
)