首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
One of the most eminent of psychologists, Clark Hull, claimed that the essence of reasoning lies in the putting together of two
One of the most eminent of psychologists, Clark Hull, claimed that the essence of reasoning lies in the putting together of two
admin
2012-11-11
84
问题
One of the most eminent of psychologists, Clark Hull, claimed that the essence of reasoning lies in the putting together of two "behavior segments" in some novel way, never actually performed before so as to reach a goal. Two followers of Clark Hull, Howard and Tracey Kendler, (1) a test for children that was explicitly based on Clark Hull’s principles. The children were given the (2) of learning to operate a machine so as to get a toy. In order to succeed they had to go through a two-stage (3) . The children were trained on each stage (4) . The stages consisted merely of pressing the correct one of two buttons to get a marble; and of (5) the marble into a small hole to release the toy.
The Kendlers found that the children could learn the separate bits readily enough. (6) the task of getting a marble by pressing the button they could get the marble; given the task of getting a toy when a marble was handed to them, they could use the marble. (All they had to do was put it in a hole.) (7) they did not for the most part "integrate", to use the Kendlers’ terminology. They did not press the button to get the marble and then (8) without further help to use the marble to get the toy. So the Kendlers concluded that they were incapable of deductive (9) .
The mystery at first appears to deepen when we learn, from (10) psychologist, Michael Cole, and his colleagues, that adults in an African culture apparently cannot do the Kendlers’ task either. But it lessens, (11) , when we learn that a task was devised which was (12) to the Kendlers’ one but much easier for the African males to handle.
(13) the button-pressing machine, Cole used a locked box and two (14) colored match-boxes, one of which contained a key that would open the box. Notice that there are still two (15) segments—"open the right matchbox to get the key" and "use the key to open the box"—so the task seems formally to be (16) . But psychologically it is quite different. Now the subject is dealing not with a strange machine but with familiar meaningful objects; and it is clear to him what he is meant to do. It then (17) that the difficulty of integration is greatly reduced.
Recent work by Simon Hewson is of great interest here for it shows that, for young children, (18) , the difficulty lies not in the (19) processes which the task demands, but in certain perplexing features of the apparatus and the procedure. When these are changed in ways which do not at all affect the inferential nature of the problem, then five-year-old children solve the problem (20) college students did in the Kendlers’ own experiments.
选项
A、infectious
B、inferential
C、innovative
D、indignant
答案
B
解析
本题测试词义搭配。infections意为“有传染性的,易传染的”;inferential意为“推理的,推论性的”,指涉及推理行为或与推理行为有关的;innovative意为“创新的,革新的”;indignant意为“愤怒的,愤慨的”。所填之词修饰processes,所以应该选B。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/dNe4777K
0
考研英语二
相关试题推荐
Heseemedimmune______suchemotionsasjealousy,vanity,bitterness,angerandresentment.
A.TheconsequenceoflosingbonesB.AbetterlabthanonearthC.TwodifferentcasesD.Multipleeffectsformwei
Itlookedjustlikeanotheraircraftfromtheoutside.Thepilottoldhisyoungpassengersthatitwasbuiltin1964.Butappear
WithanotherdramaticfireworksdisplaySundayeveningattheNationalStadiumhere,theBeijingOlympicscametoadazzlingclo
Readthefollowingtextandanswerquestionsbyfindinginformationfromtherightcolumnthatcorrespondstoeachofthemarked
Whenitcomestotheeconomy,pessimismisinandgoodoldAmericanoptimismisout.Fromtheheadlinesinthenewspaperstothe
Oneofthemosteminentofpsychologists,ClarkHull,claimedthattheessenceofreasoningliesintheputtingtogetheroftwo
Oneofthemosteminentofpsychologists,ClarkHull,claimedthattheessenceofreasoningliesintheputtingtogetheroftwo
In1999,thepriceofoilhoveredaround$16abarrel.By2008,ithad【1】the$100abarrelmark.Thereasonsforthesurge【2】fro
In1999,thepriceofoilhoveredaround$16abarrel.By2008,ithad【1】the$100abarrelmark.Thereasonsforthesurge【2】fro
随机试题
杨某与景某因业务往来,杨某的银行转账联系人记录中自动存有景某的汇款方式,二人之间的业务采用货到付款的方式已全部结清。意外的是,在杨某与某案外人发生业务往来进行汇款时,因案外人与景某姓名极其相似,粗心的杨某未加甄别,将12700元汇至景某账户。事后,杨某多次
肩胛骨样子不规则为不规则骨,指骨很短为短骨。()
螺杆泵安装反扣油管的目的是()。
从肘静脉注入对比剂后,最迟到的是下列中的哪一部位
摩擦型桩基可不对桩基进行沉降验算。()
在建设铁路、工厂、水库、输油管道、输电线路和各种大型建筑物或者建筑群之前,建设单位必须向所在省、自治区、直辖市地质矿产主管部门了解拟建工程所在地区的矿产资源分布和开采情况。非经()批准,不得压覆重要矿床。
培训迁移是指一种培训中习得的经验对其技能的影响,有效促进员工培训迁移的主要因素包括()等。
糖类、脂肪和蛋白质三种食物在胃中排空的速度由快到慢的顺序排列为()。
AnewwebsitefromtheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture(USDA)showsthat10%ofthecountryisnowa"fooddesert".TheFoodDeser
A、 B、 C、 A
最新回复
(
0
)