尽管中国的经济影响力以及日益升温的爱国主义热情支持中国政府在亚洲地区事务中发挥更大的作用,但是从根本上讲,中国政府的战略举措一直颇为被动。中国仍然是一个被动的国际事务参与者,其外交举措主要集中在回击被中央政府视为别国挑衅的行为上,不过其对挑衅行为的判断却时

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问题     尽管中国的经济影响力以及日益升温的爱国主义热情支持中国政府在亚洲地区事务中发挥更大的作用,但是从根本上讲,中国政府的战略举措一直颇为被动。中国仍然是一个被动的国际事务参与者,其外交举措主要集中在回击被中央政府视为别国挑衅的行为上,不过其对挑衅行为的判断却时而准确,时而偏颇。在中国政府看来,别国的挑衅行为包括从日本国有化有主权争议的岛屿到对朝鲜实施制裁的所有事件。
    中国外交的被动倾向在一定程度上是自身结构性缺陷的产物。中国经济的迅猛增长已经使中国以远超其领导人预期的速度成为了超级大国。不过,中国外交及国际谈判的相关机构却不胜其任,不能与其引人注目的经济成就相匹配,这令中国在与其他大国的交往上处于不利地位。中国国家领导层还认为。在开拓本国的外交路线前,有必要优先处理好国内事务。而中国对经济改革的迫切需求意味着,中国自身的发展尚未转化成更强的自信。

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答案 While China’s economic clout and rising nationalism encouraged Beijing to play a larger role in Asian affairs, its strategic moves have been fundamentally passive. China remains a reactive player, focused on countering what Beijing—rightly or wrongly—perceives as the provocations of others(a category that includes everything from Japanese nationalization of disputed islands to sanctions against Pyongyang) China’s reactive tendencies are partly the product of structural weakness. The country’s rapid economic rise has made it a major power far earlier than its leaders expected. China’s under-powered agencies for international diplomacy and negotiation lag well behind its impressive economic achievements, placing it at a disadvantage in working with other powers. China’s leadership also feels the need to get its own house in order before forging its international path. The glaring need for economic reforms means that Chinese growth has not translated into greater self-confidence.

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