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  3. Johanna Levelt Sengers stands at the top of her profession but confesses that " it can be a little lonely" as one of only two wo

Johanna Levelt Sengers stands at the top of her profession but confesses that " it can be a little lonely" as one of only two wo

admin2015-03-25  56
问题     Johanna Levelt Sengers stands at the top of her profession but confesses that " it can be a little lonely" as one of only two women in the 82-member engineering sciences section of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences(NAS). A scientist emeritus at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, she belongs to both NAS and its partner, the National Academy of Engineering, where she’s one of seven women within the 173-member chemical engineering section. So in late 2004, when she was asked to co-chair an international panel on women in science with Manju Sharma of India, they decided to examine not just women’s place in society but also their status within the 90 national academies that had requested the report.
    The report, posted last week by the Inter Academy Council(IAC), offers a refreshingly candid assessment of the problems facing women trying to enter and move up in the world of science and engineering. Although it strikes familiar chords about the need to remove barriers and increase opportunities for girls and women, it sings a new tune in commanding the national academies themselves to "first put their own houses in order. " In addition to choosing more women as members and leaders of their organizations, each national academy should form a standing committee on diversity to gather and discuss gender-related data, it says.
    "Wow. This is far more hard-hitting and to the point than I had expected," says Donna Dean, president of the Association for Women in Science in Washington, D. C. , and a former senior administrator at the National Institutes of Health, who is now at the Washington, D. C. , science-lobbying firm of Lewis-Burke Associates. "It tells the various academies to stop pontificating about the right thing to do and start showing it in how they operate. "
    The report was funded in part by a $50,000 grant from L’Oreal. Since 1998, the France-based cosmetics company has honored outstanding women scientists around the world—including five of the eight women on the 10-person IAC panel. Jennifer Campbell, who heads the company’s philanthropic efforts, says she would like to see across-the-board parity for women in science. But Levelt Sengers says she thinks that "a reasonable goal would be no major disparity between the percentage of Ph. D. degrees awarded to women in a particular field and the percentage elected in that field. " Most academies are a far cry from reaching even that level.
    NAS President Ralph Cicerone says that there’s "no magic bullet" for adding women to the academy’s ranks but that NAS is trying to increase their chances of gaining the type of recognition—through service on academy panels, keynote speeches, and major scientific awards—that traditionally leads to NAS membership. NAS has no plans "to collapse its activities into one committee on gender issues," he says, adding that the challenge calls for "a sustained effort... along the entire pipeline."
It can be inferred from the fourth paragraph that
选项 A、L’Oreal is the sole company that funds the report.
B、Jennifer Campbell is the head of L’Oreal company.
C、the number of Ph. D. degrees awarded to women is still unproportionate.
D、Most academies have a high percentage of Ph. D. degrees awarded to women.
答案C
解析 推理判断题。根据题干提示可以定位至第四段。在该段中作者引用了莉维特.森基思的话“一个合理的目标应该是在某一领域为女性授予博士学位的比例和在该领域分配比例之间没有明显的不平等”，即[C]。[A]中所谈“欧莱雅是唯一的赞助商”与该段第一句“该报告部分由欧莱雅公司提供赞助”不符，故排除；文章中提到Jennifer Campbell时只说她“负责公司慈善业务”，而非公司的负责人，故排除[B]；[D]与该段最后一句“大部分学术团体距这一水平还相去甚远”不符，故也排除。
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