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  3. Left-handers have been the subject of curiosity, stigma and even fear over the centuries. Researchers now, however, are recogniz

Left-handers have been the subject of curiosity, stigma and even fear over the centuries. Researchers now, however, are recogniz

admin2014-09-30  28
问题     Left-handers have been the subject of curiosity, stigma and even fear over the centuries. Researchers now, however, are recognizing the scientific importance of understanding why people use one hand or the other to write, eat or toss a ball.
    Handedness, as the dominance of one hand over the other is called, provides a window into the way our brains are wired, experts say. And it may help shed light on disorders related to brain development, like dyslexia(诵读困难症), schizophrenia(精神分裂症)and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, or ADHD(注意力缺陷多动障碍), which are more common in left-handed people.
    Other recent research suggests that mixed-handedness—using different hands for daily tasks and not having a dominant one—may be even more strongly linked than left-handedness to ADHD and possibly other conditions.
    About 10% of people are left-handed, according to expert estimates. Another 1% of the population is mixed-handed. What causes people not to favor their right hand is only partly due to genetics—even identical twins, who have 100% of the same genes, don’t always share handedness.
    More important, researchers say, are environmental factors—especially stress—in the womb. Babies born to older mothers or at a lower birth weight are more likely to be lefties, for example. And mothers who were exposed to unusually high levels of stress during pregnancy are more likely to give birth to a left-handed child. A review of research, published in 2009 in the journal Neuropsychologia, estimated that about 25% of the variability in handedness is due to genetics.
    On average there is no significant difference in IQ between righties and lefties, studies show, betraying popular perceptions. There is some evidence that lefties are better at divergent thinking, or starting from existing knowledge to develop new concepts, which is considered an element of creativity. And left-handed people have salaries that on average are about 10% lower than righties, according to recent research performed at Harvard University that analyzed large income data bases, although findings of some earlier studies were mixed.
    Left-handedness appears to be associated with a greater risk for a number of psychiatric and developmental disorders. While lefties make up about 10% of the overall population, about 20% of people with schizophrenia are lefties, for example. Links between left-handedness and dyslexia, ADHD and some mood disorders have also been reported in research studies.
    The reasons for this aren’t clear. Scientists speculate it could be related to a concept known as brain lateralization. The brain has two halves. Each performs primarily separate, specialized functions, such as language processing, which mainly takes place in the left hemisphere. There is lots of communication between the hemispheres.
What is the difference between righties and lefties?
选项 A、Righties are more intelligent than lefties.
B、Righties are more creative than lefties.
C、Righties may make more money than lefties.
D、Righties may get more chances of promotion.
答案C
解析 细节辨认题。第六段第一句中的no significant difference表明习惯用右手的人和左撇子之间在智商方面没有显著差别；第二句中的better和第三句中的lower than分别表明两者的差别：左撇子比习惯用右手的人更擅长发散性思维，或者说更富有创造力；左撇子比习惯用右手的人工资收入低。由此可以看出，C)“习惯用右手的人可能比左撇子更能挣钱”正确。A)“习惯用右手的人比左撇子更聪明”与第一句意思不符，故排除；B)“习惯用右手的人比左撇子更富有创造力”与第二句意思相反，故排除；D)“习惯用右手的人更有晋升的可能”在原文中找不到依据，故排除。
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