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Unknown to the vast majority of the population, a small group of British 70-year-old has shaped the health and well-being of eve

admin2019-08-08  30
问题    Unknown to the vast majority of the population, a small group of British 70-year-old has shaped the health and well-being of everyone in Britain for their whole lives. They are not policymakers or professors, but a random nationwide sample linked only by the week of their birth in 1946. Recruited barely born, they have been followed by researchers and an army of data-gatherers asking about their lives and behaviors. These have yielded profound insights into the causes of health and illness in Britain from the cradle to the grave.
   Helen Pearson, a geneticist and journalist, has written "The Life Project", a fascinating book charting the 1946 group and four that followed. 【F1】They are a peculiarly British undertaking, and despite perhaps not being championed enough in the country, they are looked on with envy and admiration by the rest of the world.
   The five groups, begun in 1946, 1958, 1970, 1991 and 2000, total about 70,000 Britons. The 1946 group revealed that working-class women suffered high rates of stillbirth, due to lack of medical care during pregnancy; when the National Health Service was launched shortly after in 1948, those findings led to care relating to pregnancy being provided free. Findings from the 1958 group were the first to reveal the impact of smoking during pregnancy on the risk of stillbirth, which led to a change in advice to pregnant women. 【F2】Free adult-education courses launched in the early 2000s were offered as a result of studies revealing that around one in five adults in the early 1990s struggled with reading, and even more, around one in three, with basic mathematics.
   But the sad message that has emerged from the studies is that being born poor remains a huge source of risk to health and well-being. 【F3】While it is possible to triumph over adversity, the odds are stacked against some people from before they are even born. 【F4】For all the subjects’ influence on public policy, this has hardly changed in the half-century since the first published study from the 1946 group. Despite this bad news, the book is often a delight.
   【F5】It’s hard to believe something as simple as observing a group of babies follow their path through the world can provide such a huge amount of knowledge about the human condition. "The Life Project" makes the case for why they should be a jewel in the crown of British science.
【F2】
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答案21世纪初推出的免费成人教育课程，也得益于一个研究成果：在20世纪90年代初，大约每五个成年人中就有一个人在阅读上感到吃力，更糟糕的是，大约有三分之一的人连基本的数学知识都不会。
解析 ①本句为复合句，包含宾语从句。②主干部分为主谓结构，launched in the early 2000s为后置定语，修饰主语Free adult-education courses，说明这个课程推出的时间。③as a result of studies revealing that…是原因状语，表示课程的开设归因于一个研究结果。现在分词revealing that…作非谓语，与其逻辑主语studies构成主动关系，that引导宾语从句作revealing的宾语，说明研究结果的具体内容。
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