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  3. 【F1】A tiny number of people in the world carry genetic mutations that were thought to guarantee the development of severe childh

【F1】A tiny number of people in the world carry genetic mutations that were thought to guarantee the development of severe childh

admin2019-08-08  55
问题    【F1】A tiny number of people in the world carry genetic mutations that were thought to guarantee the development of severe childhood diseases, but these people do not actually have these diseases, according to a new study.
   In the study, researchers looked at the genetic data from more than half a million people from around the world. The scientists found 13 adults who carried the exact genetic mutations that cause diseases such as cystic fibrosis, which severely affects the lungs and digestive system, or a condition called Pfeiffer syndrome, which affects the bones of the skull. But despite the mutations, these adults had not developed these diseases.
   【F2】The results may be the first step toward identifying ways to prevent other people who also have these mutations from developing such diseases.
   The idea of the new research was, "study the healthy, don’t just study the sick," said Stephen Friend, a co-author of the study and a researcher at Sage Bionetworks in Seattle. In the study, the researchers looked at the genetic data of about 589,000 people. The information came from 12 previously collected data sets. 【F3】The researchers said they wanted to see if, among these people, there were any individuals who remained healthy despite carrying certain genetic mutations linked to severe childhood disorders.
   The researchers focused on diseases that are caused by mutations in a single gene, and have severe symptoms that generally show up early in childhood. In their search, the investigators found three adults who did not have cystic fibrosis, despite having mutations on both copies of the CFTR gene, which normally causes the condition, according to the study.
   The researchers said they don’t know for sure exactly why these people failed to develop the diseases that they seemed genetically destined for. 【F4】However, one possibility is that these individuals also have other genes that somehow suppress these disease-causing mutations, preventing these people from getting sick, said study co-author Rong Chen.
   The researchers noted the study had limitations. For example, the investigators said they were not able to contact the 13 people identified in the study, because the researchers did not have the means to obtain consent from the people to do so. 【F5】This means the scientists were not able to interview the individuals, physically examine them or verify the accuracy of the genetic information that the researchers got from the previously collected data sets. It is therefore not possible to determine with certainty that these people are truly resistant to these diseases without further information, the researchers said.
【F4】
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答案然而，其中一种可能是这些个体也带有抑制突变的其他基因，使他们免于患病。合作研究者陈荣如是说。
解析 ①本句是复合句。第一个that引导表语从句，具体说明one possibility是怎样一种可能性；句首的However表示本句与上句存在转折关系。②第二个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词other genes，说明其他基因的特点。③preventing…from…是第二个that所引导的定语从句中的伴随状语，表示该从句中的谓宾结构suppress these disease-causing mutations“抑制致病基因突变”所导致的结果，即避免人们生病。④第二个逗号后的said study co-author Rong Chen可视为插入语，表明前面所述内容出自何人之口。
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