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  3. Phone data could predict with 87% accuracy whether someone had depressive symptoms. "We found that the more time people spend on

Phone data could predict with 87% accuracy whether someone had depressive symptoms. "We found that the more time people spend on

admin2016-01-29  60
问题     Phone data could predict with 87% accuracy whether someone had depressive symptoms. "We found that the more time people spend on their phones, the more likely they are to be more depressed," says David Mohr, one of the authors of the study and director of the Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. Northwestern researchers recruited 28 people ages 19 -58 from Craigslist and souped up their smartphones with location-and-usage monitoring software. At the start of the study, they took a standardized questionnaire that measures depressive symptoms; half of the subjects had symptoms of depression, and half did not. For two weeks, the phones tracked GPS location information every five minutes and pinged the users with questions about their mood several times a day. The phone data the researchers collected were rich; how many places the participants visited each day, how much time they spent in each of those places and how frequently they used their phones. The researchers then correlated this objective data with their depression test scores.
    What they hoped to find was a connection between the objective markers of behavior—such as where the people were and how often they changed locations—and their depression test results. Mohr and his team indeed found a strong correlation between these objective markers and depression. Phone data were even better than the daily questions the users answered to predict depression test results. "People who tend to spend more time in just one or two places—like people who stay at home or go to work and go back home—are more likely to have higher depression scores," says Mohr. When a person moved around was important, too; people who stuck to a regular pattern of movement tended to be less depressed, they found. " This fits into a larger body of clinical research showing that people with mental health problems in general, their circadian rhythms get thrown off," Mohr says. "Usually it’s looked at with sleep and activity, but here we’re seeing it also in terms of their movement through geographic space. " When people get depressed, he says, their mood may pull them off their routine.
    Depressed people, too, spent an average of 68 minutes using their phones each day, while people without depression only spent about 17 minutes on their phones. The software didn’t track what people did on their phones—just whether or not they were using it. But the authors have some ideas about why they saw phone activity rise with depression. " One of the things we see when people are depressed is that people tend to start avoiding tasks or things they have to do, particularly when they’re uncomfortable," Mohr explains. "Using the phone, going in and using an App, is kind of a distraction. "
    It’s preliminary research, but Mohr hopes to add to the number of smartphone sensors and use these to subtly help manage depression and spot it more quickly, without requiring any work on behalf of the user. " Being able to get people timely treatment for depression is a critical failure point in public health right now," Mohr says. An App that people download on their phones—without having to answer any questions—may help pinpoint their depressive states more effectively and help them get treatment.
According to the passage, depressed people tend to______.
选项 A、lead a regular space of life and whereabouts
B、spend a lot of time in just one or two places
C、be addicted to the games in the phone
D、avoid going to work and meeting their colleagues
答案B
解析 信息题。根据题干定位到第二段。第二段第四句指出“倾向于每天只在一两个地方待很久的人，比如那些只待在家里或者去上班然后就回家的人，抑郁测试分值更有可能变得较高。”由此可知，抑郁的人有可能在一两个地方待很久，故[B]为正确答案。第二段第五句指出“那些有着固定生活模式的人不容易得抑郁症”。由此可知，[A]说法指的是不容易患抑郁症的人，故排除。[C]说“沉溺于手机游戏”，第四段最后一句只说“人在抑郁的情况下更容易看手机来分散注意力”，但没说一定是玩手机游戏，故[C]排除。第四段倒数第二句指出“在人们感到抑郁时，我们会发现人们倾向于开始逃避他们不得不完成的任务或事情，尤其在他们不舒服的时候”，但并未说他们会避免去上班及见同事，由此可知，[D]说法言过其实，故排除。
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