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  3. The struggle against malnutrition (营养不良) and hunger is as old as man himself, and never across the face of our planet has the ou

The struggle against malnutrition (营养不良) and hunger is as old as man himself, and never across the face of our planet has the ou

admin2020-04-01  51
问题     The struggle against malnutrition (营养不良) and hunger is as old as man himself, and never across the face of our planet has the outcome been more in doubt. Malnutrition tortures an estimated 400 million to 1.5 billion of the world’s poor. Even in the rich U.S., poverty means malnutrition for an estimated ten to twenty million. Hardest hit are children, whose growing bodies demand two and a half times more protein, than those of adults. Nutrition experts estimate that 70 percent of the children in low-income countries are affected.
    Badly-shaped bodies tell the sad story of malnutrition. Medical science identifies two major types of malnutrition which usually occur in combination. The first, kwashiorkor, is typified by the bloated (肿胀的 ) look, the opposite of what we associate with starvation. Accumulated fluids pushing against wasted muscles account for the plumpness (丰满) of hands, feet, belly and face. Caused by an acute lack of protein, kwashiorkor can bring brain damage, irritability, loss of appetite and so on.
    On the other hand, stick limbs, a bloated belly, wide eyes, and the stretched-skin face of an old person mark victims of marasmus, a word taken from the Greek "to waste away". Lacking calcium (钙) as well as protein, sufferers may weigh only half as much as normal. With fat gone, the skin hangs or draws tight over bones. Children, whose growing bodies require large amounts of protein, suffer in greatest numbers, but perhaps only three percent of all child victims suffer the extreme stages described.
    Scientists are working hard to develop new weapons against malnutrition and starvation. But two thirds of the human population of 3.9 billion live in the poorest countries which also have the highest birth rates. Thus, of the 74 million people added to the population each year, four out of five will be born in a have-not country—a country unable to supply its people’s nutritional needs.
Compared with adults, children are usually more seriously affected by malnutrition because _____.
选项 A、their growth demands more protein than adults
B、their bodies demand more calcium than adults
C、they do not have as much fat as adults
D、they do not eat as much food as adults
答案A
解析 事实细节题。第1段倒数第2句开头的分词结构首先指出了儿童受害最深，该句接着解释了原因是因为儿童的成长需要更多的蛋白质，由此可见，选项A正确。其他选项根据常识有一定的道理，但在文中都并未明确指出，因此不能选。
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