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  3. In the last 30 years, science and technology have had a truly dramatic impact on sports. There are three major reasons for this.

In the last 30 years, science and technology have had a truly dramatic impact on sports. There are three major reasons for this.

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问题     In the last 30 years, science and technology have had a truly dramatic impact on sports. There are three major reasons for this. First, new artificial materials have appeared and been used in many sports—sometimes to revolutionary effect. Second, our design expertise has improved, partly through the development of computers and other technical tools. We know more and can plan and predict more accurately in many critical areas. The third reason why science and technology have had an increasing impact is that there is now the money and the motivation for them to do so. In a variety of ways, sport has become very big business, and in the matter of winning or losing, very large amounts of money may be at stake.
    Technology has influenced specific sports in many ways. Wherever a commercial mass market is involved, technical change may be promoted largely for the sake of change, to make this season’s product seem different from that of last season. An example of this trend is in the endless search for the perfect sports shoe. Anatomically precise support for the heel and ankle, air sacs for extra spring and comfort each year bring apparent new refinements. Even in retirement, basketball’s Michael Jordan remains one of sport’s biggest earners because of the deal he signed endorsing the Air Jordan shoe; and one of the richest sportspeople of all, though his winnings these days are minimal, is the veteran golfer Arnold Palmer, thanks to his endorsements of the latest in golf technology.
    More significant still in modern sports have been more general effects of technological advance. It has provided the means for timing athletes to thousandths of a second—and the means of replaying an event to check who won or to see if a break-rule occurred. It has put sport on television, so millions can watch without moving from their own homes. It has provided the means for testing for illegal drugs. It has also, for better or worse, given sportsmen and women a new attitude towards their own bodies—encouraged also by the high stakes, the sponsorship and the fevered media attention. Technology helps them plan the best diet and exercise regimes; it has created heart and lung monitors that measure stress and oxygen intake; and it allows athletes to keep a constant check on their own physical problems and progress. In terms of nutrition(fuel) and training(maintenance), the modern sportsperson is treated—and treats himself or herself—like a machine.
By saying "the modern sportsperson is...like a machine", the author emphasizes the sense of
选项 A、rigidity
B、inhumanity
C、preciseness
D、automation
答案C
解析 这句话的意思是，现代运动员被视为了——他们也是这样看待自己的——机器。根据前文内容可知，运动员在科技的帮助下规划最合理的饮食和运动制度，运用心肺监测器来检测血压和氧气摄入量，随时检查身体问题和代谢过程等，这使运动员看起来像被程序设置好的、精确运转的机器。A项“严格、刻板”，B项“非人性”和D项“自动化”都不能完全概括运动员的这种状态，故选C。
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