首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
The majority of the population in the world might drink only two liters of water a day, but they consume about 3,000 liters a da
The majority of the population in the world might drink only two liters of water a day, but they consume about 3,000 liters a da
admin
2020-03-21
51
问题
The majority of the population in the world might drink only two liters of water a day, but they consume about 3,000 liters a day if the water that goes into their food is taken into account. The rich gulp down far more, since they tend to eat more meat, which takes far more water to produce than grains. So as the world’s population grows and incomes rise, farmers will need a great deal more water to keep everyone fed; 2,000 more cubic kilometers a year by 2030, according to the International Water Management Institute(IWMI). Yet in many farming regions, water is scarce and likely to get scarcer as global warming worsens. The world is facing not so much a food crisis as a water crisis, argues Colin Chartres, IWMI’s director-general.
The solution, Mr. Chartres and others contend, is more efficient use of water or, as the sloganeers put it, "more crop per drop". Some 1. 2 billion people live in places that are short of water. Farming accounts for roughly 70% of human water consumption. So when water starts to run out, farming tends to offer the best potential for thrift. But governments rarely charge farmers a market price for water. So they are usually more wasteful than other consumers—even though the value they create from the water is often less than households or industry would be willing to pay for it.
The pressing need is to make water go further. Antoine Frerot, the head of the water division of Veolia Environment, promotes recycling of city wastewater to be used in industry or agriculture. This costs less and cuts pollution.
Yet as Mr. Frerot himself concedes, there are many even cheaper ways to save water. As much as 70% of water used by farmers never gets to crops, perhaps lost through leaky irrigation channels or by draining into rivers or groundwater. Investment in drip irrigation, or simply repairing the worst leaks, could bring huge savings.
" Farmers in poor countries can usually afford such things only if they are growing cash crops," says David Molden of IWMI. "Even basic kit such as small rainwater tanks can be lacking. " Ethiopia, for example, has only 38 cubic meters of storage capacity per inhabitant, compared to almost 5,000 in Australia. Yet modest water storage can hugely improve yields in rain-fed agriculture, by smoothing over short dry spells. Likewise, pumping water into natural aquifers for seasonal storage tends to be much cheaper than building a big dam, and prevents the great waste of water through evaporation.
Agronomists are beginning to devise tools to help monitor the efficiency of water use. Some have designed algorithms that use satellite data on surface temperatures to calculate the rate at which plants are absorbing and transpiring water. That allows governments and development agencies to concentrate their efforts on the most prodigal areas.
Raising yields does not always involve greater water consumption, especially when farms are inefficient. It would take little extra water to double cereal output in many parts of Africa, Mr. Molden argues. IWMI reckons that some three-quarters of the extra food the world needs could be provided simply by bringing yields in poor countries closer to those of rich ones. That is more realistic than the absolute alternative: giving up meat and other thirsty products altogether.
选项
答案
A
解析
题目对应信息分别在第四段最后一句和第五段首句:“Investment in drip irrigation…could bring huge savings.”意思是“投资滴灌或修复最严重的漏水会带来巨大的节水效益。”“Farmers in poor countries can usually afford such things only if they are growing cash crops.”这句话里的such things就是上一句中相关的新灌溉设备和修理费用。因此应该是种植经济作物来补贴这笔改造费用。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/fnY4777K
0
考研英语二
相关试题推荐
Geneticengineeringholdsgreatpotentialpayoffsforfarmersandconsumersbymakingcropsresistanttopests,diseases,andev
Animportantfactorofleadershipisattraction.Thisdoesnotmeanattractivenessintheordinarysense,forthatisabornqua
TheUnitedStateshashistoricallyhadhigherratesofmarriagethanthoseofotherindustrializedcountries.Thecurrentannual
Thecellphone,adevicewehavelivedwithformorethanadecade,offersagoodexampleofapopulartechnology’sunforeseensi
Thecellphone,adevicewehavelivedwithformorethanadecade,offersagoodexampleofapopulartechnology’sunforeseensi
Thecellphone,adevicewehavelivedwithformorethanadecade,offersagoodexampleofapopulartechnology’sunforeseensi
Thecellphone,adevicewehavelivedwithformorethanadecade,offersagoodexampleofapopulartechnology’sunforeseensi
Theroleofgovernmentsinenvironmentalmanagementisdifficultbutinescapable.Sometimes,thestatetriestomanagetheresou
Theroleofgovernmentsinenvironmentalmanagementisdifficultbutinescapable.Sometimes,thestatetriestomanagetheresou
Thesmoothlandingofshuttle(航天飞机)Discoveryendedaflightthatwassuccessfulinalmosteveryrespectbutone:thedislodging
随机试题
Whyisthere_____trafficonthestreetsinFebruarythaninMay?
副神经核属于的机能柱是()
患儿,女,3岁,轻微发热,鼻塞流涕,次日出疹。疹色红润,疱浆清亮,根盘红晕不明显,点粒稀疏,此起彼伏,以头面躯干为多,舌苔薄白,脉浮数。治疗首选方剂为
A.利多卡因B.奎尼丁C.普罗帕酮D.普萘洛尔E.胺碘酮可引起头痛、头晕、耳鸣、腹泻、恶心、视力模糊等,严重者可晕厥或猝死的是
有效管理福度不是一个固定值,它受()等条件的影响。
材料一西方的崛起曾被视为世界历史中最引人入胜的历程之一。这一进程始于民主与哲学在古希腊和古罗马的出现,继之以中世纪欧洲的君主制和骑士制度,经过文艺复兴和大航海时代,结束于西欧和北美对全世界军事、经济和政治的控制。——摘自杰克戈德斯通《为什么是欧洲
以认知阶段来划分,法律意识可分为()
张某利用经营个体旅馆之机,以招收女服务员为名,先后以欺骗手段招揽5名女青年在其旅馆从事卖淫活动,并对其中3名拒不进行卖淫的女青年,实施强奸以迫使其卖淫,则()。
有如下程序:#includeusingnamespacestd;intmain(){intf,f1=1,f2=1;for(inti=0;i
Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?
最新回复
(
0
)