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  3. Three years ago I listened to a lecture in cognition (认知) that changed the way I think about intelligence. There are two types o

Three years ago I listened to a lecture in cognition (认知) that changed the way I think about intelligence. There are two types o

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问题         Three years ago I listened to a lecture in cognition (认知) that changed the way I think about intelligence. There are two types of cognition. The first is normal cognition; the ability to regain knowledge from memory. The second type of cognition is metacognition: the ability to know whether or not you know.
        Does this affect intelligent? In traditional education, intelligent is measured by cognitive ability. Some people can easily produce everything they know on a test. But others are awarded with poor grades considered inferior, but does this inability make them any less intelligent? If the question came upon a task, they could refer to a book or quick Google search. In reality, they’ re just as effective as the people that ace a test. They just can’t prove it as easily.
        Metacognition is more important to success than cognition. A person with poor cognitive ability, but great metacognition ability might do poorly in school, but when faced with a challenge, they understand their abilities and take the best course of action. For example, when faced with a question, a person with strong metacognition ability will deal with it like this. If he knows the answer, but can’t come up with it, he can always do a bit of research, if he knows for sure that he doesn’t know, then he can start educating himself. Metacognition is more important to success than cognition. These people might not seem intelligent at first glance, but because they know what they know, they make better decisions and learn the most important things.
        However, people with great cognitive ability but poor metacognition ability may be considered excellent at a young age for acting every test and getting great scores. Unfortunately, they’ ve been ruined by poor metacognition: they think they know everything but they really don’t. They are arrogant (overconfident) , fail to learn from mistakes, and don’t understand the slight differences of personal relationship, showing disregard for persons with lower cognitive ability. They may make the worst decisions.
        The most important mental power is the ability to know what you don’ t know. The recognition of a fault is the first step to improvement. Don t try to hide a lack of knowledge. For intelligent people, this is the toughest lesson to learn.
People with poor metacognition may not succeed because they____________.
选项 A、lack basic moral values
B、have improper self evaluation
C、fail to communicate with others
D、show little respect for others
答案B
解析 根据文章第四段的举例可以得知，元认知能力差的人对自我的认知不清楚并且可能会做出最坏的决定，由此推断答案为B。
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