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  3. As any city increases in size, there is a corresponding surge in vehicular traffic, a problem that, if left unaddressed, can hin

As any city increases in size, there is a corresponding surge in vehicular traffic, a problem that, if left unaddressed, can hin

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问题     As any city increases in size, there is a corresponding surge in vehicular traffic, a problem that, if left unaddressed, can hinder the well-being of its residents. The problem is most acute in developing countries, where an increase in prosperity leads to greater purchasing power and freedom of movement. Hollywood movies and celebrity stars support the popularity of the car, which often lead Western countries to exploit their images for economic reasons. This further promotes the image of car ownership with class privilege and social freedom.
    In the United States, there is probably no better symbol of car ownership and its cultural supremacy than Southern California and Hollywood. The image peddled by the movie industry of the traditional American family includes several cars, with great emphasis on newer models and expensive designs. Behind this image of escapism, however, lie clogged freeways, smog-covered boulevards and frustrated commuters. The once famous light rail system that covered most of Los Angeles county has been replaced with mammoth freeways but at the expense of the health of neighboring residential communities.
    Developing nations have learned lessons from the problems associated with cars by developing a mixture of public transportation networks, including subway systems, bus routes and light rail service. But even as governments struggle to meet the needs of a rapidly urbanizing society, social forces often overwhelm city budgets by the cost and complexity of providing for clean and effective substitutes to the ease and independence of car ownership.
    As a result, many countries fall prey to common and perhaps avoidable problems of pollution and traffic congestion, even though these results have negative health and economic consequences. Once set in motion, though, the effects of car ownership are hard to curb. Increased use of roads often leads to pressure for more freeways and expanded vehicular infrastructure. Since space is often at a premium in large cities, development exacerbates the cost of major subway systems while car users become reluctant to change to public transportation systems.
    In Singapore, the government has imposed draconian restrictions on car ownership by heavily taxing vehicle imports to the island, imposing a hefty license fee and a variety of administrative costs. Travel to the center of the city is also heavily restricted and public transportation is cheap and easily accessible. Compared to Los Angeles, where car ownership is a prerequisite for finding a job, the contrast is quite stark. Nevertheless, in both locations the demand for car increases unabated.
    How will cities, new and old, deal with the pressure for car ownership? In the end, it seems likely that new technology that reduces car pollution and a mixture of public transportation and private car use will result in sustainable transportation solutions. However, governments and citizens must be willing to sacrifice some personal convenience for long-term goals in efficiency and well-being.
Which of the following is NOT a reason why car usage is hard to curb?
选项 A、Increased car use leads to increased demand for roads.
B、Car users find it hard to change to public transportation.
C、The cost of building new subway systems becomes more expensive.
D、Car users can get to work faster by driving than by taking the bus.
答案D
解析 属事实细节题。题目问：下面哪个选项中的内容不是汽车使用难控制的原因?题目中的关键词car usage，hard to curb出现在第四段第二句(usage是原文ownership的同义词)，下文列举了几个原因：路面车流量加大，迫使人们修建更多的高速公路，扩大交通基础设施建设。大城市的空间非常紧缺，城市的发展加大了主线地铁的耗资，而有车族却不愿意改乘公共交通工具。由此可见，这里包含了选项A、B、C的内容，只有选项D没有提到。因此，选项D是本题答案。
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