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  3. Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 1

Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 1

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问题     Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened【C1】______. As was discussed before, it was not【C2】______the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-elec-tronic【C3】______, following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the【C4】______of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution【C5】______up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading【C6】______through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures【C7】______the 20th-century world of the motor car and the airplane. Not everyone sees that process in【C8】______. It is important to do so.
    It is generally recognized,【C9】______, that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century,【C10】______by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process,【C11】______its impact on the media was not immediately【C12】______. As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became"personal"too, as well as【C13】______, with display becoming sharper and storage【C14】______increasing. They were thought of, like people,【C15】______generations, with the distance between generations much【C16】______.
    It was within the computer age that the term" information society" began to be widely used to describe the【C17】______within which we now live. The communications revolution has【C18】______both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time. But there have been【C19】______views about its economic, political, social and cultural implications. "Benefits"have been weighed【C20】______"harmful"outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult.
【C13】
选项 A、institutional
B、universal
C、fundamental
D、instrumental
答案A
解析 从结构上来看，空格所在句子中的代词they指代前面的computers，逗号后的and连接了两个并列句子，即上句的smaller and more powerful与下文的personal as wellas 相对应。上句的smaller和powerful在含义上有转折，意为虽然越来越小却越来越强，因此空格所填入的词也应与personal相对照。如果从字面上理解personal，它的含义是私人的，个人的，universal可以是它的反义词，但universal多作定语，强调普遍性，如universal interest(普遍感兴趣)，而且它在文中表达的含义“不仅被普遍使用，也被个人使用”也不符合逻辑。只有institutional与personal相对应，指出电脑不再仅仅是团体而且也成了个人使用的工具，符合文意。
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