2. 外语
  3. Analyzing levels of proportional representation of American Indians in state and local government jobs is important for several

Analyzing levels of proportional representation of American Indians in state and local government jobs is important for several

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问题     Analyzing levels of proportional representation of American Indians in state and local government jobs is important for several reasons. First, the basic idea underlying the theory of representative bureaucracy is that the demographic composition of bureaucracy should mirror the demographic composition of the general public. This is because in addition to its symbolic value, increased access to managerial positions may lead to greater responsiveness on the part of policy makers to the policy interests of traditionally disadvantaged groups such as American Indians. Second, the focus on higher-level jobs in bureaucracies(as opposed to nonmanagerial positions) is especially important because managerial positions represent a major source of economic progress for members of traditionally disadvantaged groups, as these jobs confer good salaries, benefits, status, security, and mobility. Third, it is important to know if there has been growth in the American Indian share of more desirable public-sector positions over the last two decades. For instance, Peterson and Duncan argue that the populations and power of American Indians have been growing in certain states. Peterson and Duncan also suggest that this growth may reflect the possibility that American Indian populations are becoming more active in nontraditional areas of politics, assimilating into mainstream culture, and securing with greater frequency leadership positions in nontribal government.
The primary purpose of the passage is to
选项 A、summarize a demographic trend over time
B、present findings on a demographic group
C、analyze the demographic composition of a type of job
D、explain the need for particular social research
E、argue for the implementation of a social policy
答案D
解析 本文采用总分结构，因此主旨题的正确答案就是同义改写主旨句，即第一句。选项D中的explain对应reasons，particular social research对应analyzing levels。A项a demographic trend over time对应第六句的that the populations…have been growing in certain states，属于细节。B项文中未提及。C项本文讨论的是做这种分析的重要性，而非讨论这个分析本身。E项a social policy指的是比例代表制，但是本文重点是对这一政策做分析的重要性，而非这一政策的重要性。
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