2. 外语
  3. Getting a good night’s sleep has long been known to consolidate the day’s memories, moving them from short-term storage into lon

Getting a good night’s sleep has long been known to consolidate the day’s memories, moving them from short-term storage into lon

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问题     Getting a good night’s sleep has long been known to consolidate the day’s memories, moving them from short-term storage into long-term holding, but new research shows that it’s not automatic. A(n) 【C1】_____of sleep is helpful only【C2】_____you know a test is coming or, more 【C3】_____, if you explicitly tell yourself you’ll need the information in the【C4】_____And we can put it in other【C5】_____, don’t expect eight hours of shut-eye to help you on a pop quiz.
    In an elegant【C6】_____of experiments, scientists at the University of Lubeck in Germany tested memory by having【C7】_____learn 40 word pairs, or the【C8】_____of 15 cards in a concentration-type game plus a【C9】_____of finger taps. Sleep【C10】_____memory only in those who had been told they’d be tested 10 hours【C11】_____, not in those for whom the quiz came as a(n) 【C12】_____, says a report in the Journal of Neuroscience. "Merely expecting that a【C13】_____will be used in a test determines whether sleep【C14】_____its consolidation," says Liibeck’s Jan Born.
    The new research is the first to show how sleep【C15】_____its memory magic. EEGs(脑电图)found that the "test is coming" group spent【C16】_____time in deep, slow-wave sleep than did the group not【C17】_____a test. Slow electrical waves act【C18】_____a replay button on the recorder,【C19】_____the hippocampus(海 马状突起)to reactivate new memories and synchronizing the neocortex(大脑新皮层)so that it accepts them into long-term storage. This【C20】_____group also had more " sleep spindles(睡眠梭形波)" , bursts of electrical activity that prime networks in the cortex to store memories arriving from the hippocampus and to integrate them into existing knowledge, which makes retrieval easier.
【C12】
选项 A、surprise
B、shock
C、astonishment
D、amazement
答案A
解析 名词辨析题。文章中表示另外一组因为没有预料到有测试而吃惊，所以选surprise。shock“非常震惊”，指意外的不愉快感觉；astonishment指因认为不可能或极少发生的事而感到惊讶或迷惑不解；amazement指出乎意料，但又无法解释而感到惊奇。
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大学英语四级

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