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  3. Violent lyrics in songs increase aggression-related thoughts and emotions and could indirectly create a more hostile social envi

Violent lyrics in songs increase aggression-related thoughts and emotions and could indirectly create a more hostile social envi

admin2010-01-15  38
问题      Violent lyrics in songs increase aggression-related thoughts and emotions and could indirectly create a more hostile social environment, a study released on Sunday by a U.S. psychology association found. The Washington D. C.-based American Psychological Association (APA) released the study, resulting from five experiments involving over 500 college students, in the May issue of the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.
     The violent songs increased feelings of hostility without provocation or threat, according to the study. It said the effect was not the result of differences in musical style, specific performing artist or arousal properties of the songs. Even the humorous violent songs increased aggressive thoughts, the study said.
     The group said the study contradicts a popular notion that listening to angry, violent music actually serves as a positive catharsis for people.
     The music industry came under criticism from lawmakers in October for failing to use more descriptive parental advisory labels that specify whether the music contains sex, violence or strong language:
     But the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) has said that current CD labels give parents enough information without violating the right to free expression. The RIAA is the trade group for the world’s five big labels, including AOL Time Warner Inc., EMI Group Plc, Bertelsmann AG, Vivendi Universal’s Universal Music and Sony Corp.
     Results of the APA’s experiments showed that violent songs led to more aggressive interpretations of ambiguously aggressive words and increased the relative speed with which people read aggressive versus non-aggressive words. "Such aggression-biased interpretations can, in turn, instigate a more aggressive response, verbal or physical, than would have been emitted in a nonbiased state, thus provoking an aggressive escalatory spiral of antisocial exchanges," said researcher Craig Anderson, in a statement.
     While researchers said repeated exposure to violent lyrics could indirectly create a more hostile social environment, they said it was possible the effects of violent songs may last only a fairly short time.
Craig Anderson would probably agree that ______.
选项 A、the relation between violent music and aggressive thoughts was ambiguous
B、more experiments were needed to justify the results achieved so far
C、some antisocial exchanges could be attributed to violent songs
D、nonbiased interpretations might cause more aggressive social responses
答案C
解析 观点态度题。在倒数第二段，克雷格·安德森指出：“这样的侵略性的偏激的理解，会激起更加具有侵略性的回应，口头的或是心理上的，这些都可能出现在这样一个公平的国家里。从而使反社会的交流螺旋式地提高”。可见C 正确。
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