首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
(1)Most people have experienced the feeling, after a taxing mental work-out, that they cannot be bothered to make any more decis
(1)Most people have experienced the feeling, after a taxing mental work-out, that they cannot be bothered to make any more decis
admin
2019-03-25
73
问题
(1)Most people have experienced the feeling, after a taxing mental work-out, that they cannot be bothered to make any more decisions. If they are forced to, they may do so intuitively, rather than by reasoning. Such apathy is often put down to tiredness, but a study published recently in Psychological Science suggests there may be more to it than that. Whether reason or intuition is used may depend simply on the decision-maker’s blood-sugar level—which is, itself, affected by the process of reasoning.
(2)E.J. Masicampo and Roy Baumeister of Florida State University discovered this by doing some experiments on that most popular of laboratory animals, the impoverished undergraduate. They asked 121 psychology students who had volunteered for the experiment to watch a silent video of a woman being interviewed that had random words appearing in bold black letters every ten seconds along the perimeter of the video. This was the part of the experiment intended to be mentally taxing. Half of the students were told to focus on the woman, to try to understand what she was saying, and to ignore the words along the perimeter. The other half were given no instructions. Those that had to focus were exerting considerable self-control not to look at the random words.
(3)When the video was over, half of each group was given a glass of lemonade with sugar in it and half was given a glass of lemonade with sugar substitute. Twelve minutes later, when the glucose from the lemonade with sugar in it had had time to enter the students’ blood, the researchers administered a decision-making task that was designed to determine if the participant was using intuition or reason to make up his mind.
(4)The students were asked to think about where they wanted to live in the coming year and given three accommodation options that varied both in size and distance from the university campus. Two of the options were good, but in different ways: one was far from the campus, but very large: the other was close to campus, but smaller. The third option was a decoy, similar to one of the good options, but obviously not quite as good. If it was close to campus and small, it was not quite as close as the good close option and slightly smaller. If it was far from campus and large, it was slightly smaller than the good large option and slightly farther away.
(5)Psychologists have known for a long time that having a decoy option in a decision-making task draws people to choose a reasonable option that is similar to the decoy. Dr. Masicampo and Dr. Baumeis-ter suspected that students who had been asked to work hard during the video and then been given a drink without any sugar in it would be more likely to rely on intuition when making this decision than those from the other three groups. And that is what happened: 64% of them were swayed by the decoy. Those who had either not had to exert mental energy during the showing of the video or had been given glucose in their lemonade, used reason in their decision-making task and were less likely to be swayed by the decoy.
(6)It is not clear why intuition is independent of glucose. It could be that humans inherited a default nervous system from other mammals that was similar to intuition, and that could make snap decisions about whether to fight or flee regardless of how much glucose was in the body.
(7)Whatever the reason, the upshot seems to be that thinking is, indeed, hard work. And important decisions should not be made on an empty stomach.
The last paragraph suggests that_____.
选项
A、people are not able to make important decisions when hungry
B、decisions made on an empty stomach may be unreasonable
C、people are less intelligent when they are hungry
D、people are more intelligent when they are hungry
答案
B
解析
文章最后一句中用should not表建议,表明“做重要的决定时不能空着肚子”,由此可推断空着肚子做出的决定是不合理的,故B对。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/gjEK777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
HomeschoolingI.【T1】_____【T1】______—Require【T2】_____【T2】______—Childwhogetseasilyfrustratedisdifficulttobehomeschoo
WhatisArt?I.DifferentOpinionsonArt—Artmakesusmorethoughtfuland【T1】_____people【T1】______a)Graphicsonvideogameb
ShouldYouLearnThai?HereareeightfeaturesaboutThailanguagetohelpstudentsdecidewhethertheywanttolearnThaiorno
HowtoWriteaCollegeTermPaper?I.Tip1:Figureoutexactlywhattheprofessorwants.Read【T1】_____verycarefully.【T1】_
DifferencesBetweenChineseCulturesandAmericanCulturesI.GeneraldifferencesA.History—China:atraditionalcenturies-ol
泊珍到偏远小镇的育幼院把生在那里养到1岁的孩子接回来。但泊珍看他第一眼,仿似一声雷劈头而来。令她晕头胀脑,这1岁的孩子脸型长得如此熟悉,她心里的第一道声音是,不能带回去!痛苦纠聚心中,眉心发烫发热,胸口郁闷难展,胃里一股气冲喉而上。院长说这孩子发
Therealconcern,then,isnotthatweweightoomuch,butwhatweneitherexerciseenoughnoreatwell.
AreyouconsideringtravelingtoanativeEnglishspeakingcountrytoimproveyourEnglishlanguagesskillsatalanguagescho
Weknowthatitisimpossibletosetupalimitednumberoftypesthatwoulddofulljusticetothepeculiaritiesofthousandso
Today’scollegestudentsaremorenarcissisticandself-centeredthantheirpredecessors,accordingtoacomprehensivenewstud
随机试题
Thousandsofyearsagomanusedhandyrocksforhissurgicaloperations.Laterheusedsharpboneorhorn,metalknivesandmore
“其下者注于气街,其上者走于息道”是指何气的分布
最常见的洋地黄中毒表现是
甲与乙周末自驾前往野生动物园游玩。进园后,甲看到某处警示牌写着“危险区域,请勿下车”,但出于好奇,不听乙的劝说擅自下车,结果被老虎咬成重伤,幸亏工作人员及时赶到,否则后果不堪设想。关于侵权责任的承担,下列哪一说法是正确的?()
根据《企业职工伤亡事故分类》(GB6441),如果冷冻库内液氨泄漏导致人员伤亡,则该事故类别为()。
民用建筑类别根据建筑高度、使用功能、火灾危险性和扑救难易程度进行确定,主要分为住宅建筑和公共建筑两大类。下列关于民用建筑类别划分说法中,不正确的是()。
申请股票上市交易,应当向()报送上市报告书、公司章程等文件。
企业购入货物验收入库后,若发票账单尚未收到,应在月末按照估计的价款和增值税确认一笔负债,反映在资产负债表有关负债项目内。()
十六届四中全会提出“构建社会主义和谐社会”的重大战略举措以后,中国特色社会主义事业的总体布局实现了从“三位一体”到“四位一体”的飞跃。这个“四位一体”是指()。
使用VC++2010打开考生文件夹下blank1中的解决方案。此解决方案的项目中包含一个源程序文件blank1.c。在此程序中,函数fun的功能是:在任意给定的9个正整数中找出按升序排列时处于中间的数,将原数据序列中比该中间数小的数用该中间数替换,位置不变
最新回复
(
0
)