首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Athletes who cheat by injecting themselves with stored supplies of their own blood might soon be caught out. A revealing trail o
Athletes who cheat by injecting themselves with stored supplies of their own blood might soon be caught out. A revealing trail o
admin
2015-06-24
109
问题
Athletes who cheat by injecting themselves with stored supplies of their own blood might soon be caught out. A revealing trail of debris could give the game away.
Most "blood dopers"cheat by injecting themselves with the blood-boosting hormone erythropoietin (EPO),but there have been tests todetect EPOsince 2000. Another way to dope blood is to periodically extract some of your own, store it and re-inject it before competitions. Some professional cyclists are alleged to have done this as part of a doping scandal that emerged in Spain in 2006, called Operacion Puerto. At least one cyclist is still fighting to clear his name.
Re-injecting stored blood boosts the oxygen supply to muscles. The practice has so far eluded detection but now there might be a way catch out the cheats.
During storage, red blood cells start to fall apart, generating debris such as the fragments of cell membranes (a cell membrane is the outside envelop of a living cell). Olaf Schumacher of the University of Freiburg in Germany and his colleagues have shown that when stored blood is re-injected, the recipient’s white blood cells prepare to get rid of this sudden tide of debris. They say that these changes on blood cell ’debris’ could betray sportsmen and make cheats detectable. "It’s like someone dumping rubbish in your blood," he says. "When all the rubbish comes at once, there’s lots of activity."
Schumacher’s team took blood from six non-athletes, stored it for 35 days then re-infused it, taking further blood samples three and four days afterwards. When they analyzed the white blood cells in these samples, genes needed for identifying and disposing of ailing and damaged cells were much more active than usual.
The gene changes led to the appearance of new proteins on the surface of the white blood cells which could potentially be picked up by antibodies, Schumacher says. He also suggests that antibodies could be created to detect the changes to the surface of red blood cells as well. Schumacher couldn’t say whether such tests would be ready in time for the 2012 Olympics in London. David Cowan, director of the UK Drug Control Centre at King’s College London, says: "The paper is promising, but more work is needed to establish a test that meets the rigorous standards required by sport so as not to falsely accuse an athlete." Schumacher says that one key goal is to make sure these changes only occur due to doping, rather than illness, for example.
According to Paragraph 4, which of the following is true about the debris?
选项
A、The white blood cells are ready to get rid of it all the time.
B、It is the product of red blood cells during blood storage.
C、It could help sports cheats avoid detection.
D、It is fragments of cell membranes.
答案
B
解析
判断推理题。第四段第一句提到,在血液储存的过程中,红血球细胞开始分裂,产生出诸如细胞膜碎片之类的残骸。B项符合原文。A项仅仅是在受体注射了被储藏的血液之后才会出现的情况,且all the time没有原文依据;C项与第四段第三句意思相反,debris只会使作弊行为更容易被检测出来;D项过于片面,根据第四段第一句,细胞膜碎片只是debris的一种。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/h574777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
TheBicycleSharingPlansofEuropeWhileonvacationinBarcelonalastmonth,LauraCaddicksawalotofpeopletoolingaro
Writeanemailofabout100wordstoFrank,aninternationalstudentfromAmerica,invitinghimtoattendthediscussionmeeting
Worriers,beware:allthatworryingmaybefornothing.Anxietyhaslongbeen【C1】______asasymptomofsuper-awarenessandsensi
Ifthereisanyendeavourwhosefruitsshouldbefreelyavailable,thatendeavourissurelypubliclyfinancedscience.Morally,
YourfriendMikeinvitedyoutoparticipateintheireldersupportprogramandyouhavedecidedtoaccepttheinvitation.Write
Theworldisundergoingtremendouschanges.Theriseofglobalization,bothaneconomicandculturaltrendthathassweptthroug
Wow!Womennowmakeup57percentofuniversityentrants,andtheyoutnumbermenineverysubject—includingmathsandenginee
Theageatwhichyoungchildrenbegintomakemoraldiscriminationsaboutharmfulactionscommittedagainstthemselvesorothers
Humansareuniqueintheextenttowhichtheycanreflectonthemselvesandothers.Humansareableto【C1】______.tothinkinab
Ifyouhaveeverboughtsomethingbecauseithadthemostpositivereviews,orjoinedinwithastandingovationsimplybecause
随机试题
(2011年4月)部门之间竞争的方式主要是_________。
患者女,39岁。因上腹部绞痛、腹胀、恶心、呕吐、发热等急诊就诊。实验室检查:WBC15.6×109/L,伴粒细胞核左移。血清淀粉酶462U/L。该患者可能的诊断是
酚妥拉明引起心律失常的机制是
申马公司与三龙公司签订一份买卖合同后,申马公司在给三龙公司的传真件中约定:“如双方因合同发生纠纷,应提交北京仲裁委员会仲裁。”三龙公司也在传真中对此表示同意。后来双方因合同履行中发生争议,申马公司提交仲裁三龙公司则向人民法院起诉。下列说法中错误的是(
【2006—4】题20~23:某城市有一甲级写字楼,总建筑面积约7万m2,地下3层,地上24层,三层设有一多功能厅,地下室为车库。请回答以下问题,并列出解答过程。用于建筑中防火分隔的防火卷帘门与装设的火灾探测器有联动要求,请分析说明下列关于火灾探测器布
爆破帽是压力容器安全附件的一种,爆破帽为中间具有一薄弱断面的厚壁短管,爆破压力误差较小,泄放面积较小,多用于()容器。
企业获得的捐赠利得应该计入营业外收入,影响利润总额。()
对管理信息系统的结构描述一般可以从横向(基于职能)和纵向(基于管理层次)两个方面来描述“周期性地提供库存综合报表”是哪个职能、哪个管理层次的管理信息系统的任务?
彩色CRT显示器主要由视频放大驱动电路、行扫描电路______、高压电路、显像管和机内直流电源组成。
A、TheyexpectedthatInternetwouldbesociallyhealthierthantelevision.B、TheyexpectedthatInternetwouldbemoreusefulso
最新回复
(
0
)