2. 外语
  3. Though Ida Bauer was only 18 years old, she had come to Sigmund Freud suffering from coughing and speechlessness. She’d become d

Though Ida Bauer was only 18 years old, she had come to Sigmund Freud suffering from coughing and speechlessness. She’d become d

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问题     Though Ida Bauer was only 18 years old, she had come to Sigmund Freud suffering from coughing and speechlessness. She’d become depressed, even hinting at suicide. During one session, as he tried to help her uncover the source of her sickness, Freud observed Bauer toying with a small handbag. Interpreting the act as an expression of repressed desire, Freud concluded, "No mortal can keep a secret. If his lips are silent, he chatters with his finger-tips; betrayal oozes out of him at every pore."
    Sometimes a handbag is just a handbag, but modern research does support the idea that secrecy can be a source of mental and physical distress. Keeping a secret requires constant effort. In one recent study, subjects asked to conceal their sexual orientation performed worse on a spatial ability task, reacted more rudely to criticism, and gave up sooner in a test of handgrip endurance. And the bigger the secret, the harder it is to keep. Another study found that subjects asked to recall a meaningful secret perceived hills to be steeper and distances to be longer than those asked to recall a trivial secret. When researchers requested help moving books from their lab, the subjects harboring meaningful secrets lifted fewer stacks.
    All of that mental exertion might actually wear a body down: research shows an association between keeping an emotionally charged secret and ailments ranging from the common cold to chronic diseases.
    Other evidence in favor of disclosure includes multiple studies showing that writing about a traumatic (令 人痛苦的) experience can boost the immune system, and the finding that teens who confide in a parent or close friend report fewer physical complaints and less delinquent behavior, loneliness, and depression than those who sit on their secrets.
    One reason secret keeping is such hard work is that secrets, like unwanted thoughts, tend to take up more brain space the more one tries not to think about them. But not everyone is equally prone to this self-defeating cycle. Researchers have identified a small class of "repressors," who experience fewer intrusive (妨碍的) thoughts about sensitive information they are suppressing: they may keep their secrets so tightly wrapped that they manage to hide them even from themselves.
Why do career-oriented fathers have more influence than career-determined mothers on children’s work attitude?
选项 A、Because fathers have more authority than mothers in a family.
B、Because children spent more time with fathers when they were teenagers.
C、Because most of the participants’ fathers were more likely to have career jobs than their mothers.
D、Because children perceive their fathers’ work attitude more strongly than their mothers’.
答案C
解析 推理判断题。定位段提到，事业导向型的父亲比事业导向型的母亲对孩子工作态度的影响更大，原因在于两代之间的性别准则。具体来讲，研究的参与者处于青少年时期时，大多是在20世纪80年代，男性在外工作的情况比女性更加普遍，也更有可能获得有晋升机会的“事业型”工作。C)“因为大多数参与者的父亲比母亲更有可能拥有事业型工作”符合原文描述，因此为答案。
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大学英语四级

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