2. 外语
  3. Humans consume goods and services for many reasons: to nourish, clothe, and house ourselves, certainly. But we also consume as p

Humans consume goods and services for many reasons: to nourish, clothe, and house ourselves, certainly. But we also consume as p

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问题     Humans consume goods and services for many reasons: to nourish, clothe, and house ourselves, certainly. But we also consume as part of a social compact, since each community or social group has standards of dress, food,【S1】______, education, and entertainment that influence its patterns of consumption beyond physical【S2】______
    At its best, consumption is a tool for human development--one that opens opportunities for a healthy and【S3】______life, with adequate nutrition, employment, mobility, and education. Poverty is【S4】______by a lack of consumption, and thus a lack of these opportunities. At the other extreme, wealth can--and often does--lead to【S5】______levels of material and nonmaterial consumption.
    In spite of its human benefits, consumption can lead to serious【S6】______on ecosystems. Consumption harms ecosystems directly【S7】______overharvesting of animals or plants, mining of soil nutrients, or other forms of biological depletion.  Ecosystems suffer indirectly through pollution and wastes from agriculture,【S8】______, and energy use, and also through fragmentation by roads and other infrastructure(基础设施)that are part of the production and transportation networks that feed consumers.
    Consumption of the major commodities that ecosystems【S9】______directly--grains, meat, fish, and wood--have increased substantially in the last four decades and will continue to increase as the global economy expands and world【S10】______grows. Plausible(貌似有理的)projections of consumer demand in the next few decades suggest a marked escalation of impacts on ecosystems.

A)marked             B)hard
C)pressure           D)crisis
E)produce            F)population
G)lower              H)through
I)grow               J)excessive
K)industry           L)survival
M)from               N)satisfying
O)shelter
【S4】
选项
答案A
解析 考查搭配“be marked by”，意为“以…为显著特点”，另外，从介词“by”也可判断，此处应为过去分词。
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大学英语四级

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