2. 考研
  3. [A] Growing coffee [B] Problems with manufacture [C] The spread of coffee [D] Coffee species [E] First contact

[A] Growing coffee [B] Problems with manufacture [C] The spread of coffee [D] Coffee species [E] First contact

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问题     [A] Growing coffee
    [B] Problems with manufacture
    [C] The spread of coffee
    [D] Coffee species
    [E] First contact
    [F] Consuming coffee
    [G] The coffee plant
    Coffee was first discovered in Eastern Africa in an area we know today as Ethiopia. A popular legend refers to a goat herder by the name of Kaldi, who observed his goats acting unusually friskily after eating berries from a bush. Curious about this phenomenon, Kaldi tried eating the berries himself. He found that these berries gave him renewed energy.
    【R1】________
    Coffee berries were transported from Ethiopia to the Arabian Peninsula, and were first cultivated in what today is the country of Yemen. Coffee remained a secret in Arabia before spreading to Turkey and then to the European continent by means of Venetian trade merchants.
    【R2】________
    Coffee was first eaten as a food though later people in Arabia would make a drink out of boiling the beans for its narcotic effects and medicinal value. Coffee for a time was known as Arabian wine to Muslims who were banned from alcohol by Islam. It was not until after coffee had been eaten as a food product, a wine and a medicine that it was discovered, probably by complete accident in Turkey , that by roasting the beans a delicious drink could be made. The roasted beans were first crushed and then boiled in water, creating a crude version of the beverage we enjoy today.
    【R3】________
    If you were to explore the planet for coffee, you would find about 60 kinds of coffee species growing wild in Africa, Malaysia, and other regions. But only about ten of them are actually cultivated. Of these ten, two species are responsible for almost all the coffee produced in the world: Coffea Arabica and Coffea Canephora (usually known as Robusta). Because of ecological differences existing among the various coffee producing countries, both types now exist in many sub-species.
    【R4】________
    Although wild plants can reach 10-12 metres in height, the plantation one reaches a height of around four metres. This makes the harvest and flowering easier, and cultivation more economical. The flowers are white and sweet-scented like the Spanish jasmine. Flowers give way to a red, darkish berry. At first sight, the fruit is like a big cherry both in size and in colour. Inside the pulp there are the seeds in the form of two beans coupled at their flat surface. Beans are coated with a kind of resistant, golden yellow parchment. When peeled, the real bean appears with another very thin silvery film. The bean is bluish green verging on bronze, and is at the most 11 millimetres long and 8 millimetres wide.
    【R5】________
    Coffee need special conditions to give a satisfactory harvest. The climate needs to be hot-wet or hot temperate, with frequent rains and temperatures varying from 15 to 25 Degrees C. The best lands are the hilly ones. The perfect altitude is between 600 and 1200 metres, though some varieties thrive at 2000-2200 metres. Cultivation aimed at protecting coffee at every stage of growth is also extremely needed.
【R3】
选项
答案D
解析 本段指出野生咖啡树的种类大约有60种，次句转折提到被种植培育的只有10种，再下一句又提到真正在全世界被用来生产咖啡的种类大约只有两种。这个段落里面提到的都是咖啡不同种类的相关内容，和D项的含义一致，并且首句中重复出现了D项中的species一词，故答案选D。
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