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  3. The process of acquiring self-discipline for the Japanese begins in childhood. Indeed, one may say it begins at birth—how early

The process of acquiring self-discipline for the Japanese begins in childhood. Indeed, one may say it begins at birth—how early

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问题 The process of acquiring self-discipline for the Japanese begins in
childhood. Indeed, one may say it begins at birth—how early the
Japanese child is given his own identity! If I was to define in a word the【S1】________
attitude of the Japanese toward their children, I would put it in a concise【S2】________
word—Love! Yes, abundance of love, warmly expressed from the
moment which he is put to his mother’s breast. For a mother this nursing【S3】________
of her child is psychologically important.
  Rewards are frequent; a bit of candy bestowing at the right【S4】________
moment, an inexpensive toy. For time to enter school comes, however,【S5】________
discipline becomes firmer. To bring shame to the family is greatest【S6】________
shame for the child.
  What is the secret of the Japanese teaching of self-discipline? It
lies, I think, in the fact which the aim of all teaching is the【S7】________
establishment of habit. Rules are repeated over and over, and
continually practiced until obedience becomes instinctive. This repetition
is enhanced by the expectation of the elders. They expect a child to obey
and to learn through obedience. The demand is gentle at first and
tempering to the child’s tender age. It is no more gentle as time goes【S8】________
on, but certainly it is increasingly inexorable.
  Now, far away from that warm Japanese home,  I reflect what I【S9】________
learned there. What, I wonder, will take place of the web of love and【S10】________
discipline which for so many centuries has surrounded the life and thinking of the people of Japan?
【S4】
选项
答案bestowing—bestowed
解析 非谓语动词误用。该句意为“对孩子进行奖赏是经常的事，例如，在合适的时候给一块糖、一个便宜的玩具。”bestow与candy是逻辑动宾关系，因此应该使用过去分词表被动。
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