首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Whenever two or more unusual traits or situations are found in the same place, it is tempting to look for more than a coincident
Whenever two or more unusual traits or situations are found in the same place, it is tempting to look for more than a coincident
admin
2016-09-24
104
问题
Whenever two or more unusual traits or situations are found in the same place, it is tempting to look for more than a coincidental relationship between them. The high Himalayas and the Tibetan plateau certainly have extraordinary physical characteristics, and the cultures which are found there are also unusual, though not unique. However, there is no intention of adopting Montesquieu’s view of climate and soil as cultural determinants. The ecology of a region merely poses some of the problems faced by the inhabitants of the region, and while the problems facing a culture are important to its development, they do not determine it.
The appearance of the Himalayas during the late Tertiary Period and the accompanying further raising of the previously established rages had a marked effect on the climate of the region. Primarily, of course, it blocked the Indian monsoon(季风)from reaching Central Asia at all. Secondarily, air and moisture from other directions were also reduced.
Prior to the raising of the Himalayas, the land now forming the Tibetan uplands had a dry continental climate with vegetation and animal life similar to that of the rest of the region on the same parallel, but somewhat different than that of the areas farther north, which were already drier. With the coming of the Himalayas and the relatively sudden drying out of the region, there was a severe thinning out of the animal and plant population. The ensuing incomplete Pleistocene glaciations(冰蚀)had a further thinning effect, but significantly did not wipe out life in the area. Thus after the end of the glaciations there were only a few varieties of life extant from the original continental species. Isolated by the Kunlun range from the Tarim basin and Turfan depression, species which had already adapted to the dry steppe climate, and would otherwise have been expected to flourish in Tibet, the remaining native fauna and flora(动植物群)multiplied. Armand describes the Tibetan fauna as not having great variety, but being "striking" in the abundance of the particular species that are present. The plant life is similarly limited in variety, with some observers finding no more than seventy varieties of plants in even the relatively fertile Eastern Tibetan valleys, with fewer than ten food crops. Tibetan "tea" is a major staple, perhaps replacing the unavailable vegetables.
The difficulties of living in an environment at once dry and cold, and populated with species more usually found in more hospitable climates, are great. These difficulties may well have influenced the unusual polyandrous(一妻多夫的)societies typical of the region. Lattimore sees the maintenance of multiple-husband households as being preserved from earlier forms by the harsh conditions of the Tibetan uplands, which permitted no experimentation and "froze" the cultures which came there. Kawakita, on the other hand, sees the polyandry as a way of easily permitting the best householder to become the head husband regardless of age. His detailed studies of the Bhotea village of Tsumje do seem to support this idea of polyandry as a method of talent mobility is a situation where even the best talent is barely enough for survival.
In sum, though arguments can be made that a pre-existing polyandrous system was strengthened and preserved(insofar as it has been)by the rigors of the land, it would certainly be an overstatement to lay causative factors of any stronger nature to the ecological influences in this case.
According to the passage, which of the following would probably be the most agreeable to Montesquieu?
选项
A、All regions have different soils and thus, different cultures.
B、Some regions with similar climates will have similar cultures.
C、Cultures in the same area, sharing soil and climate, will be essentially identical.
D、The plants of a country, by being the food of its people, cause the people to have similar views to one another.
答案
C
解析
若同一地区的土壤和气候相同,其各种文化基本相同。第一段介绍了孟德斯鸠的观点:气候和土壤是文化的决定因素。答案C与孟德斯鸠的观点是一致的。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/hInD777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
程序调试的任务是( )。
软件详细设计生产的图如右图:[*]4该图是()。
给定程序中,函数fun的功能是:计算出形参s所指字符串中包含的单词个数,作为函数值返回。为便于统计,规定各单词之间用空格隔开。例如,形参s所指的字符串为:ThisisaClanguageprogram.,函数的返回值为6。请在程
以下能正确表述算式sin(2πr+30°)的C语言表达式是()。
类定义如下:classTestClass{public:TestClass0{cout
软件调试的目的是()。
下列描述中,属于面向对象思想主要特征的是
请使用VC6或使用【答题】菜单打开考生文件夹proj1下的工程proj1。程序中位于每个“//ERROR****ound****”之后的一行语句有错误,请加以改正。改正后程序的输出结果应为:value=63number=1注意:只修改每个“//ERR
Whatshouldyoudoifyoufindyourselfgoinginthewrongdirection?
"Themorethatyouread,themorethingsyouwillknow.Themorethatyoulearn,themoreplacesyou’llgo."Thesesimple-but-t
随机试题
患者,女性,50岁。患糖尿病10年,2年来采用胰岛素治疗。近日因上呼吸道感染后出现极度乏力、多尿、食欲缺乏、恶心、呕吐、呼吸深快。该患者可能是发生了
艾滋病健康教育的行为干预目标是
下列各项中,可以为合同债务人的债务腹行作保证人的是()。
在我国,法定有权追究行政责任的国家机关包括()。
施工阶段质量控制目标中,通过全过程、全面的施工质量自控,保证最终交付满足施工合同及设计文件所规定质量标准(含建设工程质量创优要求)的建设工程产品属于()质量控制的目标。
下列不属于建设项目信息的管理类信息的是()。
下列各项中,关于会计档案查阅和复制的说法正确的有()。
掌握若干概念之间关系的学习称为()
在现代化管理中,信息论己成为与系统论、控制论等相并列的现代科学主要方法论之一。信息具有多种基本属性,其中(35)________________是信息的中心价值;(36)________________决定了需要正确滤去不重要的信息、失真的信息,抽象出有用
在配置OSPF路由协议时,命令routerospf190中,最后的数字“190’’位置可表达的最大值为——。
最新回复
(
0
)