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  3. Small dogs generally live longer than big dogs. But body size isn’t the only factor that determines how long dogs survive. Perso

Small dogs generally live longer than big dogs. But body size isn’t the only factor that determines how long dogs survive. Perso

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问题     Small dogs generally live longer than big dogs. But body size isn’t the only factor that determines how long dogs survive. Personality【C1】______life span, too, according to a new study that might help explain how animal dispositions evolve. Research on animals from ants to apes has found that different individuals have different personalities. Some are timid, others【C2】______.
    Biologists have proposed that【C3】______evolved along with life history. Bold, aggressive animals use a lot of energy fast in【C4】______short lives, the thinking goes, whereas【C5】______animals last longer, saving themselves to reproduce later in life. Biologist Vincent Careau used the dogs to do the experiment. Careau【C6】______data from previous studies on various breeds’ energy expenditure and longevity. After factoring out body size, Careau tested for【C7】______with activity, obedience, and aggressiveness. More obedient dogs like German shepherds and bichon frises(比熊犬)live long for their size, he【C8】______in the June issue of The American Naturalist. Hard-to-train dogs like beagles(比格犬)and Pomeranians generally die earlier than do other similarly sized breeds. Careau found a similar relationship for energy expenditure. Peaceful dogs like Newfoundlands and Labradors【C9】______to burn less energy per kilogram than do aggressive dogs like fox terriers and Great Danes. Presumably, the people who created these breeds were selecting dogs based on personality, not on how much they ate or how【C10】______they lived, says Careau. So he thinks that personality and metabolic demands are somehow genetically linked.
A)activity F)correlations K)relatively
B)aggressive G)genetically L)reveals
C)calmer H)influences M)size
D)characters I)long N)strong
E)collected J)produce O)tend
【C9】
选项
答案O
解析 动词辨析题。分析句子结构可知，空格所在句缺少谓语，因此空格处应填入动词作谓语。此处用不同类型的狗作对比。指出相对于冲动型的狗来说，温顺型的狗消耗的能量要少一些，此处应表示一种倾向，所以应填入tend“往往，常常”。
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大学英语四级

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