首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
How to Present a Seminar Paper University students often attend many seminars for various subjects, therefore it is useful f
How to Present a Seminar Paper University students often attend many seminars for various subjects, therefore it is useful f
admin
2014-09-17
60
问题
How to Present a Seminar Paper
University students often attend many seminars for various subjects,
therefore it is useful for them to know how to present a seminar paper.
Ⅰ.【1】Stage 【1】______.
1. research
2. write up【2】 【2】______.
Ⅱ. Presentation Stage--Present the Paper to【3】 【3】______.
1. circulate copies of the paper【4】to all the participants 【4】______.
2. read aloud to the group
1) introduce your paper
2 reasons:
-- the participants may have read the paper but forgotten some of
【5】 【5】______.
-- some participants may not have time to read the paper
2) not simply read the【6】aloud 【6】______.
3 reasons:
-- if the paper is long, there may not be enough time【7】【7】______.
-- there may be lack of comprehension or understanding, when listening
-- it can be very【8】listening to something being read aloud【8】______.
3) follow the 7 points of introducing your paper
-- decide on【9】for your talk 【9】______.
-- write out your spoken presentation
-- concentrate on the main points
-- make your spoken presentation【10】 【10】______.
-- reduce what your are going to say to outline notes
-- look at your audience while your are speaking
-- make a strong ending
【4】
In this talk, I am going to give some advice on how to present a seminar paper.
At one time, most university teaching took the form of giving formal lectures. Nowadays, many university teachers try to involve their students more actively in the learning process. One of the ways in which this is done is by conducting seminars. In a seminar, what usually happens is this. One student is chosen to give his ideas on a certain topic. These ideas are then discussed by the other students (the participants) in the seminar.
What I’d like to discuss with you today is the techniques of presenting a paper at a seminar. As you know, there are two main stages involved in this. One is the preparation stage which involves researching and writing up a topic. The other stage is the presentation stage when you actually present the paper to your audience. It is this second stage that I am concerned with now. Let us therefore imagine that you have been asked to lead off a seminar discussion and that you have done all the necessary preparation. In other words you have done your research and you have written it up. How are you going to present it?
There are two ways in which this can be done.
The first method is to circulate copies of the paper in advance to all the participants. This gives them time to read it before the seminar, so that they can come already prepared with their own ideas about what you have written. The second method is where there is no time for previous circulation, or there is some other reason why the paper cannot be circulated. In that case, of course, the paper will have to read aloud to the group, who will probably make their own notes on it while they are listening.
In this talk, I am going to concentrate on the first method, where the paper is circulated in advance, as this is the most efficient way of conducting a seminar; but most of what I am going to say also applies to the second method; and indeed may be useful to remember ally time you have to speak in public.
You will probably be expected to introduce your paper even if it has been circulated beforehand. There are two good reasons for this. One is that the participants may have read the paper but forgotten some of the main points. The second reason is that some of the participants may not in fact have had time to read your paper, although they may have glanced through it quickly. They will therefore not be in a position to comment on it, unless they get some idea of what it is all about.
When you are introducing your paper, what you must not do is simply reading the whole paper aloud. This is because:
Firstly, if the paper is a fairly long one, there may not be enough time for discussion. From your point of view, the discussion is the most important thing. It is very helpful for you if other people criticize your work: in that way you can improve it.
Secondly, a lot of information can be understood when one is reading. It is not so easy to pick up detailed information when one is listening. In other words, there may be lack of comprehension or understanding.
Thirdly, it can be very boring listening to something being read aloud. Anyway some of your audience may have read your paper carefully and will not thank you for having to go through all of it again.
Therefore, what you must do is follow the following seven points:
1. Decide on a time limit for your talk. Tell your audience what it is. Stick to your time limit. This is very important.
2. Write out your spoken presentation in the way that you intend to say it. This means that you must do some of the work of writing the paper again, in a sense, You may think that this is a waste of time, but it isn’t.
3. Concentrate only on the main points. Ignore details. Hammer home the essence of your argument. If necessary, find ways of making your basic points so that your audience will be clear about what they are.
4. Try to make your spoken presentation lively and interesting. This doesn’t necessarily mean telling jokes and anecdotes. But if you can think of interesting or amusing examples to illustrate your argument, use them.
5. When you know exactly what you are going to say, reduce it to outline notes. Rehearse your talk again, this time from the outline notes. Make sure you can find your way easily from the outline notes to the full notes, in case you forget something.
6. Look at your audience while your are speaking. The technique to use is this. First read the appropriate parts of your notes silently (if you are using outline notes, this won’t take you long). Then look up at your audience and say what you have to say. Never speak while you are still reading. While you are looking at your audience, try to judge what they are thinking. Are they following you? You will never make contact with your audience if your eyes are fixed on the paper in front of you.
7. Make a strong ending. One good way of doing this is to repeat your main points briefly and invite questions or comments.
Perhaps I can sum up by saying this, Remember that listening is very different from reading. Something that is going to he listened to has therefore got to he prepared in a different way from something that is intended to be read.
选项
答案
in advance/beforehand
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/hXdO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
"Properwordsinproperplaces,makesthetruedefinitionsofastyle"isafamousremarkmadeby______
Borrow,SpeculateandHopeTheNationalAssociationofSecuritiesDealersisinvestigatingwhethersomebrokeragehousesare
WhichofthefollowinganimalsisNOTtheuniqueanimalofAustralia?
GorkyParkisfamousformanythings,notmanyofthemgood.ForMuscovites,theircity’sbiggestgreenspaceusedtobeknowna
WithinEUprimaryeducation,aclearmajorityofpupilschoosetostudyEnglishlikeaforeignlanguage.Indeed,learningEnglis
WilliamWordsworth,aromanticpoet,advocatedallofthefollowingEXCEPT______.
科技是人类文明进步的动力源泉。古老的中国,曾在世界科技史上占有重要地位。今天的中国人民,不仅与全世界共享科技文明的成果,也在各个领域推动世界科技的进步。科技奥运将反映科技最新进展,集成全国科技创新成果,推出一届高科技含量的体育盛会;提高北京科技创新能力,推
时代变了,像她这样一个经历了两种社会,大起大落,酸甜苦辣,极度变化的演员,一旦当她走出本来生活的小圈子,走出舞台,走进社会生活的深水里、激流中,以她异常敏感的眼睛、富有情感的心灵去观察生活、体验生活时,她发现那些纷至沓来的新鲜事物,根本来不及用电影去表现。
______isacclaimedas"thepoets’poet".
WilliamWordsworth,aromanticpoet,advocatedallofthefollowingEXCEPT______
随机试题
代表了解放区文学最高成就的作家是()
Weber综合征(大脑脚综合征)的临床表现为
口腔修复时,哪些是颌面部检查的内容
首次公开发行股票申请文件所有需要签名处,可以用名章、签名章等代替。()
根据业务活动,外汇敞口大致可以分为交易性外汇敞口和()
色彩协调的常用方法有类似色协调法、中性色间隔法、复色协调法、()
下图为人体某早期胚细胞所经历的生长发育阶段示意图,图中①一⑥为各个时期的细胞,a-c表示细胞所进行的生理过程。据图分析,下列叙述正确的是()。
材料1 “这儿要是高速公路修通了,我们可怎么办?”十几年前,年近六旬的“背二哥”(山区的力夫)老秦问我,他的脸上写满疲惫和沧桑。老秦的家在地处川鄂茶盐古道上的CX村,因为深度贫困和交通闭塞,该村的人祖祖辈辈都是“背二哥”,靠背背篼卖力气吃饭。可公路一通
(2012-下半年联考-86)下列表述错误的是()。
品德不良
最新回复
(
0
)