首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
In the late years of the nineteenth century, "capital" and "labour" were enlarging and perfecting their rival organizations on m
In the late years of the nineteenth century, "capital" and "labour" were enlarging and perfecting their rival organizations on m
admin
2014-03-25
61
问题
In the late years of the nineteenth century, "capital" and "labour" were enlarging and perfecting their rival organizations on modern lines. Many an old firm was replaced by a limited liability company with a bureaucracy of salaried managers. The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders. It was moreover a step away from individual initiative, towards collectivism and municipal and state-owned business. The railway companies, though still private business managed for the benefit of shareholders, were very unlike old family business. Meanwhile the great municipalities went into business to supply lighting, trams and other services to the taxpayers.
The growth of the limited liability company and municipal business had important consequences. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners; and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business. During the nineteenth century, America, Africa, India, Australia and parts of Europe were being developed by British capital, and British shareholders were thus enriched by the world’s movement towards industrialisation. Towns like Bournemouth and Eastbourne sprang up to house large "comfortable" classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders’ meeting to dictate their orders to the management. On the other hand "shareholding" meant leisure and freedom which was used by many of the later Victorians for the highest purpose of a great civilisation.
The "shareholders" as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of employees in the company in which they held shares, and their influence on the relations of capital and labour was not good. The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the workers and their demands, but even he had seldom familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employers had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business. Indeed the mere size of operations and the number of workmen involved rendered such personal relations impossible. Fortunately, however, the increasing power and organisation of the trade unions, at least in all skilled trades, enabled the workmen to meet on equal terms the managers of the companies who employed them. The cruel discipline of the strike and lockout taught the two parties to respect each other’s strength and understand the value of fair negotiation.
The text indicates that .
选项
A、some countries developed quickly because of the emergence of the limited liability companies
B、the tide of industrialisation would widely benefit British shareholders greatly
C、shareholders contributed a lot to the fast growth of the British economy
D、the system of shareholding impaired the management of modern companies
答案
B
解析
文章暗示,选项A:因为有限公司的出现,所以一些国家发展得很快。文章没提到。文章只是说美国、非洲、印度、澳大利亚等一些国家是借助英国的资金发展起来的。选项B:工业化的浪潮让英国的股东们大大受益。文章第二段中间部分提到了:andBritish shareholders’were thus enriched by the world’s movement to—wards industrialization。选项C:股东对英国经济的快速增长贡献很大。文章没有说,只说英国的股东们从对那些国家的投资中大大受益。选项D:股份制这种形式不利于现代公司的管理。错误,正因为它最适合,所以现在才会盛行。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/haxd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语四级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语四级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
【61】Behindtheforthcomingwaroverprotectingpatients’recordsinanageofHealthMaintenanceOrganizationsandonlinemedic
Atatimewheneveryone’smindistheexplosionsofthemoment,itmightseemobtuseofmetodiscussthefourteenthcentury.Bu
Manypeoplecanrememberfeelingverylonelywhentheywere
Manypeoplecanrememberfeelingverylonelywhentheywere
Manypeoplecanrememberfeelingverylonelywhentheywere
Inthelateyearsofthenineteenthcentury,"capital"and"labour"wereenlargingandperfectingtheirrivalorganizationsonm
Inthe18thcentury,NewYorkwassmallerthanPhiladephiaandBoston.TodayitisthelargestcityinAmerica.Howtoexplain
Inthe18thcentury,NewYorkwassmallerthanPhiladephiaandBoston.TodayitisthelargestcityinAmerica.Howtoexplain
Manypeoplecanrememberfeelingverylonelywhenwewere______.
Manypeoplecanrememberfeelingverylonelywhenwewere______.
随机试题
案例(纯属虚构):外贸公司A接到国外开来的信用证,证内规定:“数量共6000箱,1—6月份分6批装运,每月装1000箱。”该信用证的受益人1—3月,每月装运1000箱,对于第四批货物原定于4月25日装船出运,但由于台风登陆,该货物延至5月1日才装
下列哪些器官活动与维持内环境稳态有关
【背景资料】某住宅楼工程,砖混结构,地上6层,地下1层,层高2.9m。由于现状地貌北高南低,在北侧有部分地下室墙体位于地面以下0.5m处。承重墙采用普通混凝土小砌块砌筑,设钢筋混凝土构造柱,厕浴间隔墙采用轻骨料混凝土小型空心砌块,水平结构为现
2006年4月26日,()开业,成为城市商业银行第一家跨省区设立的分支机构。(2011年)
按照我国现行税法,下列选项中,对()应征收资源税。
在随机模型下,当现金余额在最高控制线最低控制线之间波动时,表明企业现金持有量处于合理区域,无需调整。()
公文区别于图书、情报、资料等事物的个性点主要有()。
作为一个发展中国家,自主创新并非自己创新,更非封闭式创新。不能排斥技术引进,但技术创新能力无法通过引进直接获得,关键技术更是买不来。日本和韩国引进技术和消化吸收费用的比例分别为1:5和1:8,而我国的比例为1:0.15。由此可见,我国技术引进的主要问题是
WhichofthefollowingunderlinedphrasesindicatesCOMPARISON?
A、Becauseitneedsgovernment’ssupport.B、Becauseit’shardtoacquirethetechnology.C、Becauseit’snoteasytomakeaprofit
最新回复
(
0
)