首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Nearly all cultures have a version of the arrow of time, a process by which they move towards the future and away from the past.
Nearly all cultures have a version of the arrow of time, a process by which they move towards the future and away from the past.
admin
2022-11-05
67
问题
Nearly all cultures have a version of the arrow of time, a process by which they move towards the future and away from the past. According to a paper to be published in Psychological Science this has an interesting psychological effect. A group of researchers, led by Eugene Caruso of the University of Chicago, found that people judge the distance of events differently, depending on whether they are in the past or future.
The paper calls this the "Temporal Doppler Effect". In physics, the Doppler effect describes the way that waves change frequency depending on whether their source is traveling towards or away from you. Mr Caruso argues that something similar happens with people’s perception of time. Because future events are associated with diminishing distance, while those in the past are thought of as receding, something happening in one month feels psychologically closer than something that happened a month ago.
This idea was tested in a series of experiments. In one, researchers asked 323 volunteers and divided them into two groups. A week before Valentine’s day, members of the first were asked how they planned to celebrate it. A week after February 14th the second group reported how they had celebrated it. Both groups also had to describe how near the day felt on a scale of one to seven. Those describing forthcoming plans were more likely to report it as feeling "a short time from now", while those who had already experienced it tended to cluster at the "a long time from now" end of the scale. To account for the risk that recalling actual events requires different cognitive functions than imagining ones that have not yet happened, they also asked participants to rate the distance of hypothetical events a month in the past or future. The asymmetry remained.
Interestingly, the effect can be reversed by manipulating time’s arrow. In another experiment, participants were plugged into a virtual reality machine, with some moving forwards along a tree-lined street others backwards. Those who were moving backwards reported that past events began to feel closer.
Mr Caruso speculates that his research has implications for psychological well-being. He suspects that people who do not show this bias—those who feel the past as being closer—might be more subject to depression, because they are more likely to dwell on past events. There may also be lessons for politicians and business leaders. Talking of future plans may be more effective than boasting about past successes. "People want to know what are you going to do for me next, not what have you done for me lately," suggests Mr Caruso.
According to Paragraph 1, the arrow of time may have an impact on ________.
选项
A、the process of almost all cultures when moving forward
B、people’s judge of the distance of certain events
C、men’s comprehension of events in the future
D、people’s memory of things happened in the past
答案
B
解析
根据题干可直接定位到第一段。该段第一句首先提出arrow of time的概念,并在第二句指出这(this)会产生有趣的心理效应,最后一句则借研究的结论指出具体的心理效应:人们对事件距离的判断,往往取决于该事件发生在过去还是未来(judge the distance…depending on…),即第一句中的arrow of time产生了第三句中的现象,故可推知,arrow of time会影响人们对事件距离的判断,B项所述与此一致,故为本题答案。A项错误,虽然第一段开头讲到几乎每一个文化都有时间之箭,但并没有提及时间之箭对文化的影响,A项所述无从得知。C项和D项都偏离了文意,文中说的是人们对过去的事情和将来的事情会产生不同的距离感,而非单独对过去的事情或未来的事情产生影响,C项和D项可一并排除。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/hfi4777K
0
考研英语二
相关试题推荐
Theauthorthinksthatpullfactors______.People’sdecisionstomigratemightbeinfluencedbyallthefollowingEXCEPT____
Excitement,fatigue,andanxietycanallbedetectedfromsomeone’sblinks,accordingtopsychologistJohnStern(21)Washington
Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe______.Forwhatreasonarelawyerscriticized?
Pricesarcsky-high,withprofitstomatch.Butlookingfurtherahead,theindustryfaceswrenchingchange,saysanexpertofen
Nameshavegainedincreasingimportanceinthecompetitiveworldofhighereducation.Ascollegesstriveformarketshare,they
Tomysurprise,atyesterday’smeetingheagain______theplanthathadbeendisapprovedaweekbefore.
Many______willbeopenedupinthefutureforthosewithauniversityeducatipn.
Writingforanhistoricalseriesistricky,andtheoutcomeisnotalwaysasuccess.ThebestoverallEuropeanhistoryinEnglis
Thebattletopreventoratleastslowglobalwarminghasintensifiedinthepastyearasscientistshavelearnedmoreaboutthe
OnThursdaynight,TheNewYorkTimespublishedaninterviewwithElonMuskthatoffersaviewintothebillionaireentrepreneur
随机试题
张律师的下列行为中违反律师执业纪律的是
男性,33岁。高热,皮肤瘙痒半月,右颈及锁骨上淋巴结肿大,无压痛,互相粘连。血红蛋白90g/L,白细胞10×109/L,中性66%,淋巴24%,骨髓涂片找到里一斯细胞。首选的治疗方案是
导致风湿性二尖辩狭窄病人死亡的最常见的并发症
从房地产投资的角度说,风险是指()。
灌浆泵容许工作压力应大于最大灌浆压力的( )倍。
借款人在获得住房贷款后,须定期向银行归还本息,贷款期限在1年以内(含1年)的,实行()的还款方式。
2014年8月,某公司销售一批原材料,开具的增值税专用发票上注明的售价为15000元,增值税税率为17%,材料成本14000元,则该企业编制会计分录时,应借记的其他业务成本科目的金额是()元。
2012年上半年全国电影票房收入807185万元,比上年同期增长41.7%。其中,国产影片票房收入280524万元,同比下降4.3%;进口影片票房收入526661万元,同比增长90.4%。根据所给材料,下列选项中正确的是:
壬子学制颁布的时间是()。
以下结构体类型说明和变量定义中正确的是
最新回复
(
0
)