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  3. Not too many decades ago it seemed "obvious" both to the general public and to sociologists that modem society has changed peopl

Not too many decades ago it seemed "obvious" both to the general public and to sociologists that modem society has changed peopl

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问题      Not too many decades ago it seemed "obvious" both to the general public and to sociologists that modem society has changed people’s natural relations, loosened their responsibilities to kin and neighbors, and substituted in their place superficial relationships with passing acquaintances. However, in recent years a growing body of research has revealed that the "obvious" is not true. It seems that if you are a city resident, you typically know a smaller proportion of your neighbors than you do if you are a resident of a smaller community. But, for the most part, this fact has few significant consequences. It does not necessarily follow that if you know few of your neighbors you will know no one else.
     Even in very large cities, people maintain close social ties within small, private social worlds. Indeed, the number and quality of meaningful relationships do not differ between more and less urban people. Small-town residents are more involved with kin than big-city residents. Yet city dwellers compensate by developing friendships with people who share similar interests and activities. Urbanism may produce a different style of life, but the quality of life does not differ between town and city. Nor are residents of large communities any likelier to display psychological symptoms of stress or alienation, a feeling of not belonging, than are residents of smaller communities. However, city dwellers do worry more about crime, and this leads them to a distrust of strangers.
     These findings do not imply that urbanism makes little or no difference. If neighbors are strangers to one another, they are less likely to sweep the sidewalk of an elderly couple living next door or keep an eye out for young trouble makers. Moreover, as Wirth suggested, there may be a link between a community’s population size and its social heterogeneity. For in- stance, sociologists have found much evidence that the size of a community is associated with bad behavior including gambling, drugs, etc. large-city urbanites are also more likely than their small-town counterparts to have a cosmopolitan outlook, to display less responsibility to traditional kinship roles, to vote for leftist political candidates, and to be tolerant of nontraditional religious groups, unpopular political groups, and so-called undesirables. Everything considered, heterogeneity and unusual behavior seem to be outcomes of large population size.
One of the consequences of urban life is that impersonal relationships among neighbors______.
选项 A、disrupt people’s natural relations
B、make them worry about crime
C、cause them not to show concern for one another
D、cause them to be suspicious of each other
答案C
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可推断选项C是正确答案。选项A是大众及一些社会学家过去的观点，故不对；选项B(“使他们担心犯罪”)干扰颇大，但此项不符合原意，因为原文说：相比乡村居民而言，城市居民更担忧犯罪问题。也就是说，所有的人都担忧犯罪问题，而本题问的是城市居民邻里关系的淡漠会带来什么样的结果；选项D与原意也不符，因为城市居民邻里间是互不关注的。
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