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  3. Economics involves the study of topics like wealth and poverty, money and banks, incomes, taxes, prosperity and depression, big

Economics involves the study of topics like wealth and poverty, money and banks, incomes, taxes, prosperity and depression, big

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问题     Economics involves the study of topics like wealth and poverty, money and banks, incomes, taxes, prosperity and depression, big business and labor unions, and hundreds of other matters that intimately affect the way we live. Economic forces surround our daily lives, influencing how easy or how hard it is to get a job, how much we can earn in our chosen occupations, and how much our paychecks will buy after we receive them.
    Economic factors are major concerns in government’s decisions about how much to spend and for what purposes, and how much to raise in taxes and who should be taxed as well as in their evaluations of the consequences of war, peace, and disarmament. Urban slums, job discrimination, unequal educational opportunities, and civil rights have important consequences for all of us for both those who are discriminated against and those who are not. At a still more global level economic history.
    In fact, probably without exception, each topic in economics not only touches somewhere on your own personal life but is also important to some current economic problems of government on social policy and is, at the same time, involved in the long-range concerns of human history.
    The common thread that runs through all of these topics, binding them together into a coherent body of study, is that one way or another each deals with the way society produces and uses goods and services. Practically nothing that we eat, wear, or use comes to us directly from nature. A loaf of bread is the end result of long series of operations that begins with planting and harvesting grain and proceeds through milling, baking, and shipping to the point at which the housewife can pick the loaf off the grocer’s shelf. The driver filling his tank at a services station is taking the final step in a long chain of activities: drilling oil wells, moving petroleum in ships and pipelines, chemical treatment, refining and storage. The same is generally true of all goods.
    The process of bridging the gap between the original resources of nature and needs of the final consumer is production. Production includes any activity that makes goods and services available to people. It is not restricted to work on tangible physical commodities, but encompasses services as well. Doctors, lawyers, teachers, and barbers are productive, as are actors, musicians, entertainers, and others who perform services for our benefits.
Which of the following can be learned from the passage?
选项 A、Urban slums, job discrimination, unequal educational opportunities, and civil rights are excluded from economic factors.
B、Each topic in economics deals with the way society produces and uses goods and services.
C、Government policies determine the link between the resources of nature and needs of the consumer.
D、A housewife cannot pick a loaf of bread off the grocer’s shelf unless there is a good harvest.
答案C
解析 根据文章最后一段第一句“The process of bridging the gap between the original resources of natureand needs of the final consumer is production．”可知，缩小原始资源和消费者需求之间的差距就是生产，那么对生产实施影响的当然是国家政策了。据此判断，答案是C。
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