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  3. Three years ago, on January 13th, Rukhsar Khatun, then 15 months old, was diagnosed with polio. She now has a crippled leg and s

Three years ago, on January 13th, Rukhsar Khatun, then 15 months old, was diagnosed with polio. She now has a crippled leg and s

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问题     Three years ago, on January 13th, Rukhsar Khatun, then 15 months old, was diagnosed with polio. She now has a crippled leg and struggles to keep up with her friends. But this little girl, from a West Bengali village, can claim some fame: she is, with luck, the last Indian to be infected with the wild polio virus. Enough time has passed with no new case for India shortly to be certified as free of the pain.
    That is a big success. India’s anti-polio campaign began in 1995 with severe disadvantages. The country spends little on public health, barely 1% of GDP, and has been awful at immunising children. Too few parents know the basics of hygiene and nutrition, let alone the benefits of vaccines. India has bad sanitation, large remote populations and vast migration from village to slum.
    Yet much has gone right. The anti-polio campaign received over $3 billion, mostly from within India itself, and deployed 2.4m vaccinators. UNICEF, the World Health Organisation (WHO), Rotary International and the Gates Foundation (both charities) gave technical help. Religious leaders reassured people suspicious about vaccinations, and politicians knocked on doors to make sure children took their medicine.
    At the peak of coverage, 99.1% of the target population swallowed anti-polio drops, says Anuradha Gupta of the national health ministry. That is surprisingly high, considering that a decade ago "universal" vaccination coverage for seven preventable diseases was a pitiful 30% in Bihar, a big, poor northern state.
    India’s campaign has been successful enough for its lessons to be applied in Pakistan, Afghanistan and Nigeria, the last places with endemic polio. Vaccinators learned to attend especially to mobile populations, like seasonal workers at brick kilns, and found that many migrants are best reached not at home but in bus and railway stations.
    Good monitoring was crucial, too. In Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, vaccinators visited 60m households several times a year, says Hamid Jafari of the WHO. To compile data on receivers, some 400,000 hard-to-reach population groups were carefully tracked and plotted, down to each household. Data passed early to decision-makers, at the district-official level, allowed a quick response to new cases.
Rukhsar Khatun was mentioned to ______.
选项 A、depict the life of poor people in India
B、describe the life of handicapped children
C、introduce the topic of anti-polio campaign
D、show the development of medical treatment
答案C
解析 根据题干中的“Rukhsar Khatun”定位到第一段。文章第一段描述了这个名叫Rukhsar Khatun的小孩患有polio(小儿麻痹症)，由此引出她是最后一个感染此病毒的印度人，从而引出下一段，即文章要讨论的话题：anti-polio campaign。故该题答案为选项C。
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