首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Universities Branch Out A)As never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as
Universities Branch Out A)As never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as
admin
2015-04-28
70
问题
Universities Branch Out
A)As never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as well as instruments of peace. They are the place of the scientific discoveries that move economies forward, and the primary means of educating the talent required to obtain and maintain competitive advantage. But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability.
B)In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become more self-consciously global: seeking students from around the world who represent the entire range of cultures and values, sending their own students abroad to prepare them for global careers, offering courses of study that address the challenges of an interconnected world and collaborative (合作的)research programs to advance science for the benefit of all humanity.
C)Of the forces shaping higher education none is more sweeping than the movement across borders. Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3. 9 percent, from 800 000 in 1975 to 2.5 million in 2004. Most travel from one developed nation to another, but the flow from developing to developed countries is growing rapidly. The reverse flow, from developed to developing countries, is on the rise, too. Today foreign students earn 30 percent of the doctoral degrees awarded in the United States and 38 percent of those in the United Kingdom. And the number crossing borders for undergraduate study is growing as well, to 8 percent of the undergraduates at America’s best institutions and 10 percent of all undergraduates in the U.K. In the United States, 20 percent of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born, and in China many newly hired faculty members at the top research universities received their graduate education abroad.
D)Universities are also encouraging students to spend some of their undergraduate years in another country. In Europe, more than 140 000 students participate in the Erasmus program each year, taking courses for credit in one of 2 200 participating institutions across the continent. And in the United States, institutions are helping place students in summer internships (实习)abroad to prepare them for global careers. Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least one international study or internship opportunity—and providing the financial resources to make it possible.
E)Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghai’s Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai center has 95 employees and graduate students working in a 4 300-square-meter laboratory facility. Yale faculty, postdoctors and graduate students visit regularly and attend videoconference seminars with scientists from both campuses. The arrangement benefits both countries; Xu’s Yale lab is more productive, thanks to the lower costs of conducting research in China, and Chinese graduate students, postdoctors and faculty get on-the-job training from a world-class scientist and his US team.
F)As a result of its strength in science, the United States has consistently led the world in the commercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe computer and the integrated circuit of the 1960s to the Internet infrastructure(基础设施)and applications software of the 1990s. The link between university-based science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spun off from MIT and Harvard. Around the world, governments have encouraged copying of this model, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology companies have set up shop around the university.
G)For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the research university model. Most politicians recognize the link between investment in science and national economic strength, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2003, but has risen more slowly than inflation since then. Support for the physical sciences and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost ground is welcome, but the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of long-term GDP growth, which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year.
H)American politicians have great difficulty recognizing that admitting more foreign students can greatly promote the national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for international exchanges and foreign-language study is well below the levels of 40 years ago.In the wake of September 11,changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to US universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U.K. Objections from American university and business leaders led to improvements in the process and a reversal of the decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to international students.
I)Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nation’s well-being through their scientific research, but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fail to grasp that welcoming foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the States and-like immigrants throughout history—strengthen the nation; and second, foreign students who study in the United States become ambassadors for many of its most cherished (珍视)values when they return home. Or at least they understand them better. In America as elsewhere, few instruments of foreign policy are as effective in promoting peace and stability as welcoming international university students.
Yale and Harvard prepare their undergraduates for global careers by giving them chances for international study or internship.
选项
答案
D
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/iQl7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
A、Bybringingananimalrarelyseenonnearbyfarms.B、Bybringingabagofgraininexchangeforaticket.C、Byofferingtodo
A、Hesufferedanervousbreakdown.B、Hewaswronglydiagnosed.C、Hewasseriouslyinjured.D、Hedevelopedastrangedisease.C题目
A、Shehasneverseensnowbefore.B、Sheisconductingaresearchonsnow.C、Shewantstomakeartificialsnow.D、Shehasjustre
A、Itwentoutofuse300yearsago.B、Itwasinventedaftertheshortbow.C、Itwasdiscoveredbeforefireandthewheel.D、Iti
Somedayastrangerwillreadyoure-mailwithoutyourpermissionorscantheWebsitesyou’vevisited.Orperhapssomeonewillca
Byalmostanymeasure,thereisaboominInternet-basedinstruction.Injustafewyears,34percentofAmericanuniversitiesh
UniversitiesBranchOutA)Asneverbeforeintheirlonghistory,universitieshavebecomeinstrumentsofnationalcompetitionas
UniversitiesBranchOutA)Asneverbeforeintheirlonghistory,universitieshavebecomeinstrumentsofnationalcompetitionas
A、AfriendfromNewYork.B、AmessagefromTony.C、Apostaldelivery.D、Achangeintheweather.C细节辨认题。对话中女士询问男士,她的来自纽约的包裹是否已经到
TheRoleofParentsinPromotingLanguageDevelopmentA)Frominfancytoearlychildhood,oneundeniablechangetakesplace—chi
随机试题
输气站场周围建筑物距场内最近地区工艺设备的距离为30m。()
By【B1】______afewsimpletechniques,parentswhoreadtotheirchildrencangreatlyincreasetheirchildren’slanguagedevelopm
病人,男性,58岁,在无明显诱因下,反复出现无痛性血尿两个月,他很焦虑,要求医生查明原因。该病人需要做膀胱镜检查,逆行肾盂造影,检查前一天的护理哪一项必要()
患者,男,41岁。无痛性进行性双侧颈部淋巴结肿大1个月,查体发现双侧颈部各1个2cm×2cm大小淋巴结,活动、无压痛,余浅表淋巴结未触及,心肺未见异常,腹平软,肝脾肋下未触及,临床疑诊淋巴瘤。问题3:为了临床分期,需要首选的进一步检查是
正常分娩胎膜自然破裂多在
Manydreams________seemimpossible,thenimprobable,andeventuallyinevitable.
1960年,我国对国民经济实行调整的方针是()。
以下关于图像文件格式的叙述中,错误的是______。
PassageThreeThesteakhousemaybeAmerica’sgreatestsingleachievement.Sure,there’sthatConstitutioneveryone’ssoimp
Thegovernmenthaslauncheditsconsultationonbettermeasuresofchildpoverty,butitreallyhastobeasked,betterforwhom
最新回复
(
0
)