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  3. A one-month survey results indicate that smoking, alcohol and marijuana use increase among residents of Manhattan during the fiv

A one-month survey results indicate that smoking, alcohol and marijuana use increase among residents of Manhattan during the fiv

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问题      A one-month survey results indicate that smoking, alcohol and marijuana use increase among residents of Manhattan during the five to eight weeks after the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center which took place on September 11,2001. Almost one-third of the nearly 1 000 persons interviewed reported an increased use of alcohol, marijuana, or cigarettes following the September 11 attacks. About one-fourth of the respondents said they were drinking more alcohol in the weeks after September 11; about one tenth reported an in- crease in smoking, and 3.2% said they had increased their use of marijuana.
     62)The investigators found survey Participants by randomly, dialing New York City phone numbers and screened Potential respondents for Manhattan residents living in areas close to the World Trade Center. Interviews were conducted with 988 individuals between October 16 and November 15,2001. Participants were asked about their cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, and marijuana use habits before and after September 11. During the week prior to September 11,2001,22.6% of the participants reported smoking cigarettas,59.1% drinking alcohol, and 4.4% using marijuana. After September 11,23.4% reported smoking cigarettes, 64.4% drinking alcohol, and 5.7% smoking marijuana. Among those who smoked, almost 10% reported smoking at least an extra pack of cigarettes a week and among those who drank alcohol, more than 20% reported imbibing at least one extra drink a day.
      The researchers found that people who reported an increase in substance abuse were more likely to suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and from depression. 63)People who reported an increase in cigarette smoking or marijuana use were also more likely to have both PTSD and depression, while those people who reported an increase in alcohol use were more likely to have depression only. 64)Persons who were living closer to the World Trade Center were more likely to increase their cigarette smoking, but other factors such as being displaced from one’s home, losing possessions during the attacks, or being involved in the rescue efforts were not consistently associated with increased substance use. Symptoms of panic attack were associated with an increase in the use of all substances.
     Increase in substance abuse did not differ significantly between men and women or among racial or ethnic groups. 65)Demographic factors such as age, marital status, and income seemed to play a more critical role in determining if the events of September 11 led to an increase in substance use.
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答案那些住得离世贸中心较近的人的吸烟量更有可能增加，但一些其他因素，如被迫流离失所、在袭击中遭受财产损失或者参与救援工作则并非总合导致违禁品使用量增加。
解析 本题由两个转折关系的分句构成。在前一分句中含有一个定语从句(who were living closer to the World Trade Center)，后一分句中应注意主语后有一个for example引出的插入语。词汇方面，displace在本句中不是“替代”之意，而是“使离开，使流亡”，substance use指的是“使用(违禁)物品”。
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