首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Great Inventions There are some things we use every day. Can you imagine a world without zippers(拉链) to fasten clothing? Ha
Great Inventions There are some things we use every day. Can you imagine a world without zippers(拉链) to fasten clothing? Ha
admin
2010-03-26
37
问题
Great Inventions
There are some things we use every day. Can you imagine a world without zippers(拉链) to fasten clothing? Have you ever wondered about the layout of the keyboard of a typewriter, which we see every day on the computer? These are just two of the many inventions which have made our lives easier. Maybe that’s why we don’t think about them very much!
The zipper
Whatever did we do before the invention of the zipper?
In 1893 the world’s first zipper was produced in Chicago. Although the inventor claimed that it was a reliable fastening for clothing, this was not the case. The Chicago zipper sprang open without warning, or jammed shut, and it swiftly lost popularity. Twenty years later a Swedish-born engineer called Sundback solved the problem. He attached tiny cups to the backs of the interlocking teeth, and this meant that the teeth could be enmeshed (使陷入) more firmly and reliably.
At first zippers were made of metal. They were heavy, and if they got stuck it was difficult to free them. Then came nylon zippers which were lighter and easier to use, and had smaller teeth. The fashion industry liked the new zippers far better because they did not distort the line of the garment or weigh down light fabrics. They were also easier for the machinists to fit into the garment.
Meanwhile a new fastening agent made its appearance at the end of the twentieth century: Velcro (维可牢尼龙褡链扣). Velcro is another product made from nylon. Nylon is a very tough synthetic fiber first developed in the 1930s, and bearing a name to remind the hearer of the two places where it was developed: NY for New York and LON for London. It is strong and durable.
Velcro is used on clothing, luggage and footwear. It is quick and easy to fasten and unfasten, and has taken a large part of the zipper’s share of the market. It is also used in ways a zipper cannot be used—for instance as an easily changed fastening on plaster casts, and to hold furnishing fabrics in position.
The typewriter and the keyboard
The keyboard of the modern typewriter is laid out in a most odd fashion. Why would anyone place the letters on the left side of the top row of the keyboard in the order Q W E R T Y? The answer is simple: to slow the typist down. But first, let’s consider the history of the typewriter itself.
In the 1860’s a newspaper editor called Christopher Sholes lived in Milwaukee, USA. Sholes invented the first of the modern typewriters, although there had been patents for typewriter-like machines as early as 1714, when Queen Anne of England granted a patent to a man called Henry Mill for a machine which would make marks on paper "so neat and exact as not to be distinguished from print." In 1829, across the Atlantic in Detroit, USA, William Austin Burt took out a patent on a typewriter-like machine, four years before the French inventor Xavier Projean produced his machine designed to record words at a speed comparable to someone writing with a pen.
So the typewriter was not a new idea, although there had not been a successful realization of the idea before Christopher Sholes’ machine. His typewriter became very popular, and soon people learned to type very quickly—so quickly, in fact, that the keys became tangled (纠缠在一起). On manual typewriters the characters were set on the end of bars which rose to strike the paper when the key was pressed. In the first models, the keys were set alphabetically. When a quick typist tapped out a word like federal, it was very likely that the adjacent e and d keys would become entangled (缠住).
Sholes therefore set about finding ways to slow the typist down. He looked for the letters which were most often used in English, and then placed them far away from each other. For instance, q and u, which are almost always used together in English, are separated by five intervening (介于其间的) letters. The plan worked, and the typist was slowed down a little.
When computers came into use in the latter part of the twentieth century it was suggested that the keyboard should be rationalized. After all, there was no longer any need to avoid clashing manual typewriter keys. One new board included keys which produced letters which frequently occur together in English, like ing and th and ed, so the word thing would take two strokes to write instead of five. Although this made perfect sense, people found it very hard to learn to use a new keyboard, and the idea was dropped. It is unlikely that the keyboard will ever be changed: as we approach the twenty-first century the voice-activated computer, already in an advanced state of development, is becoming more and more accessible (易得到的). It is very likely that we will soon have machines which take dictation as we speak to them, and the keyboard will be used for corrections.
In the twenty-first century it is ______ that the keyboard will ever be changed.
选项
答案
unlikely
解析
可在最后一段的倒数第二句中找到问题的出处。从意义、句型和词语搭配上分析,不难找到答案unlikely(不可能)。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/ick7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
Oneairlinechiefexecutiveofficer(CEO)wasthemasterofthepersonaltouch.Spendinghourswithhisemployeesandgettingto
Peoplewithdepressiongotoseetheirdoctorsmoreoftenthanpeoplesufferingfromphysicalproblems.Inadditiontothefear
Informationhighwaymeanspeoplecan______.Accordingtothelastparagraph,withtheincreaseduseofnetwork,peoplewill____
Theunderlinedwords"thesedevelopments"inparagraph2mostprobablyreferto______.Intheauthor’sopinion______.
WhatdidChinesepeopleusuallyhaveforbreakfast15yearsago?WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepas
Thispassageismainlyaboutthebenefitsofdevelopingrobotsandhowpeoplearegoingtogetusedtolivingwithrobotsinthe
A、Themandoesn’twanttoseeMr.Williams.B、Mr.JonesisinaninferiorpositiontoMr.Williams.C、Mr.Jonesusedtobeincha
A、Adrivingtest.B、Atrafficaccident.C、Apolicemovie.D、Thebestwaytomakesignals.B综合推断题,由对话中的signal,car,drivingcareles
A、Sheishavingaheartattack,B、Shewashurtinanaccident.C、Sheishavingababy.D、Sheissufferingfromastroke,C根据对话中“
A、Acaroutsidethesupermarket.B、Acaratthebottomofthehill.C、Paul’scar.D、Thesportscar.C
随机试题
库存有利的方面主要是()。
在其他条件不变的情况下,管理幅度与层次的关系是【】
国家监督,也称国家机关的监督,依国家机关的性质的不同,又分为________。
患者男性,35岁,阵发性剧烈腹痛,停止排便排气,呕吐频繁来院就诊,查体:腹部可见肠型蠕动波,诊断为肠梗阻。护理措施中不正确的是
A房地产开发公司于2007年12月31日以挂牌方式取得了位于某市二环路附近的一宗住宅用途的国有建设用地使用权,全额支付了出让金及相关税费,并于2008年1月31日办理了土地登记手续,领取了国有土地使用证。因后续资金问题,A公司拟与B公司合资成立C公司,其中
【2012年真题】某公司发行票面总额为300万元的优先股股票,筹资费费率为5%,年股息率为15%,公司所得税税率为25%,则其资金成本率为()。
4,11,30,67,()
下列选项能够体现事物是普遍联系的有()。①凡事预则立,不预则废②彗星、地震预示国家衰败③乌鸦叫丧,喜鹊叫喜④唇亡齿寒
=_________.
(2008下项管)团队成员第一次违反了团队的基本规章制度,项目经理对他应该采取______形式的沟通方法。
最新回复
(
0
)