首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Despite their many differences of temperament and of literary perspective, Emerson, Thoreau, Hawthorne, Melville, and Whitman sh
Despite their many differences of temperament and of literary perspective, Emerson, Thoreau, Hawthorne, Melville, and Whitman sh
admin
2014-06-13
73
问题
Despite their many differences of temperament and of literary perspective, Emerson, Thoreau, Hawthorne, Melville, and Whitman share certain beliefs. Common to all these writers is their humanistic perspective. Its basic premises are that humans are the spiritual center of the universe and that in them alone is the clue to nature, history, and ultimately the cosmos itself. Without completely denying the existence either of a deity(the God) or of irrational matter, this perspective nevertheless rejects them as exclusive principles of interpretation and prefers to explain humans and the world in terms of humanity itself. This preference is expressed most clearly in the Transcendentalist principle that the structure of the universe literally duplicates the structure of the individual self; therefore, all knowledge begins with self-knowledge.
This common perspective is almost always universalized. Its emphasis is not upon the individual as a particular European or American, but upon the human as universal, freed from the accidents of time, space, birth, and talent. Thus, for Emerson, the "American Scholar" turns out to be simply "Man Thinking"; while, for Whitman, the "Song of Myself" merges imperceptibly into a song of all the "children of Adam", where "every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you".
Also common to all five writers is the belief that individual virtue and happiness depend upon self-realization, which, in turn, depends upon the harmonious reconciliation of two universal psychological tendencies., first, the self-asserting impulse of the individual to withdraw, to remain unique and separate, and to be responsible only to himself or herself and second, the self-transcending impulse of the individual to embrace the whole world in the experience of a single moment and to know and become one with that world. These conflicting impulses can be seen in the democratic ethic. Democracy advocates individualism, the preservation of the individual’s freedom and self-expression. But the democratic self is torn between the duty to self, which is implied by the concept of liberty, and the duty to society, which is implied by the concepts of equality and fraternity.
A third assumption common to the five writers is that intuition and imagination offer a surer road to truth than does abstract logic or scientific method. It is illustrated by their emphasis upon introspection—their belief that the clue to external nature is to be found in the inner world of individual psychology—and by their interpretation of experience as, in essence, symbolic. Both these stresses presume an organic relationship between the self and the cosmos, of which only intuition and imagination can properly take account. These writers’ faith in the imagination and in themselves as practitioners of imagination led them to conceive of the writer as a seer and enabled them to achieve supreme confidence in their own moral and metaphysical insights.
Notes: Transcendentalist先验论的。self-transcending;超越自我的。ethic伦理标准,道德规范。be torn between,在....之间左右为难。fraternity博爱。introspection 反省。seer预言家,先知。metaphysical形而上学的
选项
A、The spiritual and the material worlds are incompatible.
B、Humanity can scarcely account for humans and the world.
C、Self-knowledge stems partly from the perception of the universe.
D、The structure of the universe can be discovered through self-knowledge.
答案
D
解析
细节理解题。本题问:下面哪一表述反映了5位作家的人文主义观点?第1段最后一句反映了他们的人文主义观点,它写道:"这种倾向在先验论的原则中表现得再清楚不过了:宇宙的构成是人之构成的真实翻版,因而一切知识都要从认识自己开始"。选项"宇宙的构成可以通过自我认识来揭示"符合上述句意。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/irO4777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.ThetakingoftheBastillefortress
Peopledon’twanttobuyinformationonline.Why?Becausetheydon’thaveto.Nomorethanthatbecausethey’reusedtonotpayi
Inthefollowingarticle,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-G
Byanystandard,moneymanagerMalcolmGissenhashadacomplicatedrelationshipwithriskoverthepastcoupleofyears.After
Aspeopleageandneedmorehelpwithdailyactivities,suchasbathingortakingmedication,movingtoafacilitythatprovides
Mostmarketingoperationspaycloseattentiontowhatyoungpeoplearebuyingandthinking.NotBritain’spoliticalparties,ho
Mostmarketingoperationspaycloseattentiontowhatyoungpeoplearebuyingandthinking.NotBritain’spoliticalparties,ho
ThebeginningofwhatwastobecometheUnitedStateswascharacterizedbyinconsistenciesinthevaluesandbehaviorofitspop
ThebeginningofwhatwastobecometheUnitedStateswascharacterizedbyinconsistenciesinthevaluesandbehaviorofitspop
随机试题
A.EB病毒B.人乳头瘤病毒C.乙肝病毒D.幽门螺旋杆菌E.丙肝病毒与鼻咽癌相关的是
下列哪种发育异常的牙是由两个正常的牙胚融合而成的()
(2009年)某项目建设期3年,共贷款1000万元,第一年贷款200万元,第二年贷款500万元,第三年贷款300万元,贷款在各年内均衡发生,贷款年利率为7%,建设期内不支付利息,建设期利息为()万元。
在教学活动中,我们教师不能满足于“授人以鱼”,更要做到“授人以渔”。这说明在教学中更应该重视()。
教育目的
根据《中华人民共和国全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会选举法》的规定,实行间接选举中,代表候选人名额应多于应选代表名额的()。
在窗体有两个名为text1、text2的文本框和一个名为Command1的命令按钮,事件过程:Privatesubcommand1_click()DimxasInteger,nasIntegerx=1
23OakAvenueManchesterDearSirorMadam,
WhatdoesMr.Smithteach?Whenshallwestart?
Makeyourpayroll(工资表)fasterandeasierwithourEasyOnlinePayroll!Ifyou’respendingmoretimethan10minutesaweek
最新回复
(
0
)