首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Despite their many differences of temperament and of literary perspective, Emerson, Thoreau, Hawthorne, Melville, and Whitman sh
Despite their many differences of temperament and of literary perspective, Emerson, Thoreau, Hawthorne, Melville, and Whitman sh
admin
2014-06-13
69
问题
Despite their many differences of temperament and of literary perspective, Emerson, Thoreau, Hawthorne, Melville, and Whitman share certain beliefs. Common to all these writers is their humanistic perspective. Its basic premises are that humans are the spiritual center of the universe and that in them alone is the clue to nature, history, and ultimately the cosmos itself. Without completely denying the existence either of a deity(the God) or of irrational matter, this perspective nevertheless rejects them as exclusive principles of interpretation and prefers to explain humans and the world in terms of humanity itself. This preference is expressed most clearly in the Transcendentalist principle that the structure of the universe literally duplicates the structure of the individual self; therefore, all knowledge begins with self-knowledge.
This common perspective is almost always universalized. Its emphasis is not upon the individual as a particular European or American, but upon the human as universal, freed from the accidents of time, space, birth, and talent. Thus, for Emerson, the "American Scholar" turns out to be simply "Man Thinking"; while, for Whitman, the "Song of Myself" merges imperceptibly into a song of all the "children of Adam", where "every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you".
Also common to all five writers is the belief that individual virtue and happiness depend upon self-realization, which, in turn, depends upon the harmonious reconciliation of two universal psychological tendencies., first, the self-asserting impulse of the individual to withdraw, to remain unique and separate, and to be responsible only to himself or herself and second, the self-transcending impulse of the individual to embrace the whole world in the experience of a single moment and to know and become one with that world. These conflicting impulses can be seen in the democratic ethic. Democracy advocates individualism, the preservation of the individual’s freedom and self-expression. But the democratic self is torn between the duty to self, which is implied by the concept of liberty, and the duty to society, which is implied by the concepts of equality and fraternity.
A third assumption common to the five writers is that intuition and imagination offer a surer road to truth than does abstract logic or scientific method. It is illustrated by their emphasis upon introspection—their belief that the clue to external nature is to be found in the inner world of individual psychology—and by their interpretation of experience as, in essence, symbolic. Both these stresses presume an organic relationship between the self and the cosmos, of which only intuition and imagination can properly take account. These writers’ faith in the imagination and in themselves as practitioners of imagination led them to conceive of the writer as a seer and enabled them to achieve supreme confidence in their own moral and metaphysical insights.
Notes: Transcendentalist先验论的。self-transcending;超越自我的。ethic伦理标准,道德规范。be torn between,在....之间左右为难。fraternity博爱。introspection 反省。seer预言家,先知。metaphysical形而上学的
选项
A、The spiritual and the material worlds are incompatible.
B、Humanity can scarcely account for humans and the world.
C、Self-knowledge stems partly from the perception of the universe.
D、The structure of the universe can be discovered through self-knowledge.
答案
D
解析
细节理解题。本题问:下面哪一表述反映了5位作家的人文主义观点?第1段最后一句反映了他们的人文主义观点,它写道:"这种倾向在先验论的原则中表现得再清楚不过了:宇宙的构成是人之构成的真实翻版,因而一切知识都要从认识自己开始"。选项"宇宙的构成可以通过自我认识来揭示"符合上述句意。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/irO4777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
LikeallquintessentiallyBritishthings,gardeningisapastimethathaslongbeenindecline.Fromahighpointof£5billion
Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions(41-45),choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Gt
Peopledon’twanttobuyinformationonline.Why?Becausetheydon’thaveto.Nomorethanthatbecausethey’reusedtonotpayi
Inthefollowingarticle,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-G
SupposeyouweretakengoodcareofbyMr.SmithwhenyouvisitedBeijingwherehelived.Writealetterinabout100wordstoex
WhowontheWorldCup1994footballgame?WhathappenedattheUnitedNations?Howdidthecriticslikethenewplay?【1】anevent
Whentwooftheworld’srichestandmightiestmenpledgetodestroyanenemy,itistimetopayattention.BillGates,theforme
AsanydiplomatfromBritain,AustriaorTurkeycantellyou,handlingthelegacyofavanished,far-flungempireisatrickybu
AsanydiplomatfromBritain,AustriaorTurkeycantellyou,handlingthelegacyofavanished,far-flungempireisatrickybu
Whatifarchitectscouldbuildlivingsystemsratherthanstaticbuildings—dynamicstructuresthatmodifytheirinternalande
随机试题
社区民警小马针对近期有群众受到电信诈骗侵害的情况,积极开展社区群众防范电信诈骗宣传。下面正确的做法有:
关于消防应急广播系统录制疏散指令的方法,下列说法错误的是()。
Thenumberofthespectatorspresentatthefootballmatchwas______thatexpected.Thereweremanyticketsleft.
关于听神经瘤的MRI特点,不包括
四逆汤主治证的病机是( )。
最高人民法院《关于贯彻执行若干问题的意见(试行)》第184条规定:外国法人以其注册登记地国家的法律为其本国法,法人的民事行为能力依其本国法确定。外国法人在我国领域内进行的民事活动,必须符合我国的法律规定。该条款所体现的是哪一项原则?()
头脑风暴法的应用步骤可分为三个阶段,这三个阶段是()。
在集装箱提单的背面条款中提出“货主要向承运人保证集装箱和箱内货物的装载适合于运输的要求”,则它应属于()条款。
改革是动力,发展是目的,稳定是前提。只有坚定不移地推进改革,才能为经济和社会发展提供强大动力。只有坚定不移地维护稳定,才能不断为发展创造有利的条件。只有坚定不移地推进发展,才能不断增强综合国力和国际竞争力,更好地解决前进中的矛盾和问题。最能准确概括
ThedirectraysofthesuntouchtheequatorandstrikenorthwardtowardtitleTropicofCancer.IntheSouthernhemispherewint
最新回复
(
0
)