首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Since the dawn of e-mail, using sarcasm in digital communication has created strife and confusion between friends, colleagues an
Since the dawn of e-mail, using sarcasm in digital communication has created strife and confusion between friends, colleagues an
admin
2015-06-14
59
问题
Since the dawn of e-mail, using sarcasm in digital communication has created strife and confusion between friends, colleagues and romantic partners. Sarcasm, after all, is best conveyed using tone of voice, a wink or a nudge.
Now, as more people are sharing their opinions with casual acquaintances and strangers on social-media sites like Twitter and Facebook—rather than in private text messages to people who know their senses of humor—the sarcasm disconnect is even greater.
"My work e-mail is down. I’m devastated," or, "because that was so much fun the last time we did it," could mean completely different things to different readers. The confusion has driven some people to create special symbols and characters to clearly mark their snark.
And woe is the data miner who has the challenge of determining what is sarcasm and what isn’t. Defined as stating the opposite of what is truly meant, sarcasm is proving to be an obstacle for the academics and marketers who create computer programs to analyze massive pools of online chatters to gauge public opinions about products and politicians.
Sarcasm "is one of the toughest problems in computing," says Shrikanth Narayanan, a professor of computer science, linguistics and psychology at the University of Southern California.
Computer programming follows strict rules, while natural language, particularly the inside-joke culture of the Web, doesn’t.
That is the hurdle faced by USC’s Annenberg Innovation Lab, an interdisciplinary center that brings together social and computer scientists. The lab’s "Twitter Sentiment Analysis" project unites linguists, sociologists and computer scientists to try to build a modern-day lexicon for computers to read and interpret huge chunks of data provided by the millions of people who share their opinions online. The scientists at the lab have been using the political season to try to teach a computer to better understand the true sentiment behind tweets.
"If we can crack through political sarcasm, everything else will be easier," says Jonathan Taplin, a onetime film producer, Bob Dylan tour manager and investment banker who now runs the Annenberg lab, which is sponsored by IBM, DirecTV, Warner Bros, and other companies.
All data-mining services—or "online sentiment listeners," as they are sometimes called—rely on a combination of natural-language computer programming and human analysts.
Sentiment listeners and computers are trained to look for cues and symbols such as exclamation marks or emoticons—keyboard characters that, when typed together, convey smiles, winks or other expressions.
Looking to punctuation and other symbols to signal earnestness can be misleading, says Kate Paulin, the director of the insights and planning department at digital marketing agency 360i. Ms. Paulin says working for brands such as Coca-Cola has taught her that little can be taken at smileyface value.
Teens and tweeters use emoticons sarcastically, she says. And a single exclamation mark—as opposed to multiple marks—may actually convey a lack of enthusiasm, she says.
Lovers of sarcasm who like to tweet are taking matters in their own keyboards. Aliza Licht, the senior vice president of global communications for Donna Karan LLC, who was "devastated" to lose her work e-mail on Tuesday, calls sarcasm "a religion." Yet, as the hand that controls all of the fashion label’s social outreach— and the popular @ dkny twitter feed—she needs to be sure not to ruffle feathers with her humor.
So she invented a short, twitter-friendly sign to denote sarcasm—"(* S)"—and uses it to let her followers know when her tongue is in cheek, such as with her tweet about losing email. "We can’t read tonality in text, and it’s a problem," she says.
When his best friend failed to recognize his use of sarcasm in emails about 10 years ago, Doug Sak. an accountant in Washington Township, Mich. , saw a market: He since has created the "SarcMark," an upside-down lowercase E with a dot in the center, helpful for things that might actually not have been "so much fun the last time we did it." He says he is approaching phone carriers to try to get them to include the symbol in their fonts.
The purpose of the "Twitter Sentiment Analysis" project is to
选项
A、bring scientists of different areas to work together.
B、compile a dictionary of chunks for people to use online.
C、collect and interpret the sarcastic data from Internet.
D、teach a computer to understand political views online.
答案
C
解析
推断题。由题干关键词“Twitter Sentiment Analysis project”定位至第七段。根据第二句可知,此项目把语言学家、社会学家和电脑科学家聚集在一起是为了一个共同的目标:编纂一部专门字典让计算机能够识别并解释来自网上公众舆论的大量语块,因此[C]正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/j8OO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
WhichwordisnotusedbyNorberg-HodgetodescribetheLadakhipeople?
WhichofthefollowingworksisNOTwrittenbyWilliamShakespeare?
Cultureshockisapainfulexperiencewegothroughwhenweencountermanynewthingsinanothercountryandwe【1】______insom
Ourtheoriesabouthumandiseasearetheproductofcurrentfashion【M1】______thanwewouldliketoadmit.Butjustasthe
Whichofthefollowingcountrieshasawrittenconstitution?
Thenatureoflanguageisthenatureofhumanthoughtandhumanaction,forlanguageisnomorenorlessthanthetoolofboth
WhichofthefollowingwaswrittenbyHarrietBeecherStowe?
TheFleawaswrittenby
InAustralia,whobecomesleaderoftheofficialopposition?
随机试题
疲劳实验时,要求式样不得少于_____。
Intoday’scompetitivejobmarket,studentsarelookingfordegreesoutsidetheirhomecountriestopositionthemselvesasgloba
应急电源与正常电源之间,必须采取防止()运行的措施。
有关部门在对建筑企业履行安全监督检查职责时,有权采取的措施有()。
材料预算价格包括()。
操作系统是对()进行管理的系统软件。
综合报告是各报告单位针对管理范围内、报告期内各类风险与内控状况撰写的综合性风险报告。综合报告应反映的主要内容包括()。
甲厂向乙厂发出信函,表示愿以1万元出让设备一台。乙厂回复:需该设备,但价格应为8000元;甲厂又回函:价格可为9000元,复函即供货。乙厂经办人因工作不负责任,接甲厂的复函后,未予处理。后甲厂将设备发送到乙厂,乙厂才发现对甲厂原函未处理,该案例中,乙厂不接
小李养了一群猴子,每只猴子每天早上要吃3个桃子,晚上吃4个桃子。有一次他买了若干个桃子,发现如果这些桃子供猴子吃6个早上、5个晚上,则会多余7个桃子;但如果要供猴子们吃5个早上、6个晚上,则还差8个桃子。那么小李买了多少个桃子?
•Youwillheartheorganiserofanannualconferenceattendedbythesalesrepresentativesofalargecompany.Heistellingth
最新回复
(
0
)