首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Do animals have rights? This is how the question is usually put. It seems a useful, ground-clearing way to start. 【61】Actual
Do animals have rights? This is how the question is usually put. It seems a useful, ground-clearing way to start. 【61】Actual
admin
2010-06-30
33
问题
Do animals have rights? This is how the question is usually put. It seems a useful, ground-clearing way to start. 【61】
Actually, it isn’t because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which is something the world does not have.
On one view of rights, to be sure, it necessarily follows that animals have none. 【62】
Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements.
So, animals cannot have rights. The idea of punishing a tiger that kills somebody is absurd; for exactly the same reason, so is the idea that tigers have rights. However, this is only one account, and by no means an uncontested one. It denies rights not only to animals but also to some people — for in- stance, to infants, the mentally incapable and future generations. In addition, it is unclear what force a contract can have for people who never consented to it: how do you answer to somebody who says "I don’t like this contract"?
The point is this: without agreement on the rights of people, arguing about the rights of animals is fruitless. 【63】
It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at all.
This is a false choice. Better to start with another, more fundamental question: is the way we treat animals a moral issue at all?
Many deny it. 【64】
Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect, extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice.
Any regard for the suffering of animals is seen as a mistake — a sentimental displacement of feeling that should properly be directed to other humans.
This view, which holds that torturing a monkey is morally equal to chopping wood, may seem bravely "logical". In fact it is simply shallow, the confused center is right to reject it. The most elementary form of moral reasoning — the ethical equivalent of learning to crawl — is to weigh others’ interests against one’s own. This in turn requires sympathy and imagination: without which there is no capacity for moral thought. To see an animal in pain is enough, for most, to engage sympathy. 【65】
When that happens, it is not a mistake :it is mankind’s instinct for moral reasoning in action, an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at.
【62】
选项
答案
有些哲学家论证说,权利只存在于社会契约中,是责任与权益相交换的一部分。
解析
这是一个宾语从句。that 后面的句子作argue的宾语。within a social contract 社会契约内。exchange of duties and entitlements.责任与权益相互换。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/j9Jd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语四级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语四级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
Themostobviouspurposeofadvertisingistoinformtheconsumerofavailableproductsorservices.Thesecond【C1】______istos
Themostobviouspurposeofadvertisingistoinformtheconsumerofavailableproductsorservices.Thesecond【C1】______istos
Payandproductivity,itisgenerallyassumed,shouldberelated.Buttherelationshipseemstoweaken【C1】______peoplegetolder
YouwillhearatalkaboutFrenchelementaryschools.Asyoulisten,answerQuestions1to10bycirclingTRUEorFALSE.Youwil
AnswerQuestions71to80byreferringtothebriefsonfourfamouscastlesinWales,Britainonthefollowingpage.Answereach
HowoldistheearliestsurvivingexamplesofChineseprinting?
"Down-to-earth"meanssomeoneorsomethingthatishonest,realisticandeasytodealwith.Itisapleasuretofind【C1】______wh
Inpopulardiscussionsofemissions-rightstradingsystems,itiscommontomistakethesmokestacksforthetrees.Forexample,
WhatisthemainpartoftheGoldenGateBridge?
WhatisthemainpartoftheGoldenBridge?________________________
随机试题
国际收支平衡表中除了经常项目、资本和金融项目、储备资产外,还包含()
下列条件中,能提高雏鸡的孵化率,降低“死胎”率的是()
羧甲司坦
根据《水利水电工程标准施工招标文件》,承包人有权根据本合同任何条款及其他有关规定,向发包人索取追加付款,但应在索赔事件发生后的()内,将索赔意向书提交发包人和监理人。
下列说法中,正确的是()。
2018年4月27日,中国人民银行、中国银保监会、中国证监会、国家外汇管理局联合印发了(),这意味着证券行业步入金融强监管时代。
下列关于权利和义务的说法中,错误的有()。
“亚罗马”事件
下列叙述中正确的是
在数据表中用户可以查找需要的数据并替换为新的值,如果要将成绩为80分~99分[含80和99]的分数替换为A-,应在“替换值”项中输入()。
最新回复
(
0
)