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  3. Lithography is an art process of printing from a plane surface on which the image to be printed is ink-receptive and the blank a

Lithography is an art process of printing from a plane surface on which the image to be printed is ink-receptive and the blank a

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问题     Lithography is an art process of printing from a plane surface on which the image to be printed is ink-receptive and the blank area ink-repellent. Lithography is based on the antipathy of oil and water. A drawing is made in reverse on the ground surface of the stone with a crayon or ink that contains soap or grease. The image produced on the stone will accept printing ink and reject water. Once the grease in the ink has penetrated the stone, the drawing is washed off and the stone kept moist. It is then inked with a roller and printed on a lithographic press. As a process, lithography is probably the most unrestricted, allowing a wide range of tones and effects. Several hundred fine prints can be taken from a stone.  The medium was employed by many 19th century artists, including Goya, Delacroix, Daumier, Degas, and remains popular with contemporary artists. Among American artists noted for their lithographs are Currier and Ives.
    The Currier and Ives firm of lithographers was founded by Nathaniel Currier in 1834. James Ives joined the firm as a bookkeeper eighteen years later just after becoming Currier’s brother-in- law, and was made a partner in 1857. The pair showed an uncanny ability to predict what the American public would rush to buy in the way of cheap art, and literally hundreds of thousands of prints from as many as 7,000 individual pictures were named out and sold from the firm’s shop in lower New York by street vendors and over shop counters throughout the country and even in Europe. Though in the course of time the firm employed some of America’s finest artists, artistic excellence could certainly not be counted among the firm’s real goals. Nevertheless, some time after it went out of business in 1907, the prints enjoyed new popularity as collectors’ items, the rarer examples fetching thousands of dollars in the 1920’s.
What occurs when a design has been drawn on a flat surface with a special grease crayon and to which( the surface)water and then ink are applied?
选项 A、The ink adheres to the crayon image and is repelled by the moist areas.
B、The ink adheres to the moist areas and is repelled by the crayon image.
C、The water adheres to the crayon image and is repelled by the moist areas.
D、Both ink and water are repelled by the crayon image.
答案A
解析 本题为细节辨析题。文章第一段详细介绍了平版印刷术的工作原理：主要是利用了油和水相互排斥的原理。在石板的表面用含有油的材料描画出图样，然后用水冲刷石板，这样一来，石板表面除了有图样的部分由于有油而未沾水以外，其他空白部分均被水浸湿。接下来用墨辊蘸油墨涂在石板上，画有图样的部分就会吸附油墨，而空白部分由于水油相排斥而不会吸附油墨。这样绘制好的石板就可以用于印刷了。因此，A 选项“油墨吸附于事先用含油的彩笔描绘出的图样上，并且油墨被潮湿的区域 (即空白区域)所排斥”，是正确的。
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