2. 考研
  3. With extraordinary few exceptions, no educated person in the history of Western Civilization from the third century B.C. onward

With extraordinary few exceptions, no educated person in the history of Western Civilization from the third century B.C. onward

admin2019-08-08  0
问题    With extraordinary few exceptions, no educated person in the history of Western Civilization from the third century B.C. onward believed that the Earth was flat, historian Jeffrey Burton Russell wrote in 1997. A round Earth appears at least as early as the sixth century B.C. with Pythagoras, who was followed by Aristotle, Euclid, and Aristarchus, among others in observing that the earth was a sphere. By the first century A.D., the sphericity of the earth was accepted by all educated Greeks and Romans.
   Eminent scientist and writer Stephen Jay Gould wrote in a 1997 essay that "there never was a period of ’flat Earth darkness’ among scholars. Greek knowledge of sphericity never faded, and all major medieval scholars accepted the Earth’s roundness as an established fact of cosmology." Columbus and the Spaniards knew the Earth was round—【F1】Columbus’s plans to sail to Asia were questioned because the ocean was thought to be too vast to sail across, not because anyone thought the Earth was flat. Even the religious authorities of the 15th century knew better. So why on Earth have so many schoolchildren been taught otherwise?
   The fault lies with 19th century writers such as Washington Irving and Jean Letronne. 【F2】The latter was an academic of strong anti-religious prejudices who cleverly misrepresent the church fathers and their medieval successors as believing in a flat earth. Irving also penned a "history" of Christopher Columbus in 1828 that was treated as fact, but was largely fictional. 【F3】The unforgotten picture of the young Columbus was a simple mariner, appearing before a dark crowd of ignorant inquirers and theologians at a council of Salamanca (塞拉曼加), all of whom believed, according to Irving, that the earth was flat like a plate. These falsehoods were picked up and amplified by historians such as John Draper and Andrew Dickson White. Why bother perpetuating falsehoods? 【F4】The reason for promoting both the specific lie about the sphericity of the earth and the general lie that religion and science are in natural and eternal conflict in Western society, is to defend Darwinism.
   The flat-earth lie was ammunition against the Creationists. They are always getting in the way of science and progress. 【F5】These people who deny evolution today are exactly the same sort of people as those who for at least a thousand years denied that the earth was round.
【F5】
选项
答案今天这些否认进化论的人无疑与那些抵制地圆学说近千年的人一样。
解析 ①主句主干是主系表结构，主语和表语里均含who引导的定语从句；第一个who引导的定语从句修饰主句主语These people；第二个who引导的定语从句修饰先行词those。②表语中包含exactly the same sort of people as…的原级比较结构，表示前者与后者“完全一样，一模一样”。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/jR2Z777K
0

考研英语一

相关试题推荐
随机试题
最新回复(0)