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  3. Economics is meant to offer an objective way of looking at the world. But some worry that it falls short Proponents of feminist

Economics is meant to offer an objective way of looking at the world. But some worry that it falls short Proponents of feminist

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问题    Economics is meant to offer an objective way of looking at the world. But some worry that it falls short Proponents of feminist economics believe that, both in terms of methodology and focus, economics is too much of a man’s world. This is not just because women are under-represented in the science. 【F1】They also, perhaps more importantly, worry that by asking the wrong questions, economics has cemented (consolidated’) gender inequality rather than helping to solve it. How do feminist economists want to change it?
   According to Alfred Marshall, a founding father of the science, economics is "the study of men as they live and think and move in the ordinary business of life." 【F2】Mr. Marshall’s casual allusion to "men" captures what feminist economists believe is the first major problem with economics, a habit of ignoring women. The economy, they argue, is often thought of as the world of money, machines and men. This is reflected in how GDP is measured. Wage labor is included; unpaid work at home is not. 【F3】Not only is this way of measuring GDP arbitrary (care is included in "production" when paid for on the market, but not when supplied infonnally), but because women contribute the bulk of care around the world, it also systematically undervalues their contribution to society.
   When it comes to public policy, feminist economists think that gender equality is valuable in and of itself, not just as a means of promoting growth. They also consider the effects of public policy on women. Feminist economics also criticizes the methods used within the standard models taught to undergraduates for overlooking fundamental drivers of gender inequality. 【F4】Feminist economists might point out that if a woman’s preferences have been formed by a society with strong ideas about what women should do, then presenting her choice as a free one could be misleading.
   Proponents of feminist economics have won many battles. 【F5】GDP might still not include unpaid care, but increasingly international agencies like the United Nations rely on broader measures of progress than cash income, including health and wellbeing. Julie Nelson, a feminist economist, writes in the Journal of Economic Perspectives that "many readers may have discovered that they are already doing ’feminist economics’ in some ways, although they have preferred to think of themselves as just doing ’good economies’". Indeed, feminist economists wish they lived in a world where the label need not exist.
【F4】
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答案女性主义经济学家可能会指出，如果一名女性的偏好是被社会关于女性规范化行为的顽固观念所塑造而成的，那么把她做出的选择视为自由意愿，则可能会是一种误导。
解析 ①本句为多重复合句。主句主干为主谓宾结构，that引导从句作point out的宾语，point out意为“指出，指明”。②that引导的宾语从句也是一个复合句，其中包含if引导的条件状语从句；with strong ideas作后置定语修饰society。about what women should do作后置定语修饰ideas。③宾语从句的主句主语为动名词短语presenting her choice as a free one，one是对choice的指代。
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