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  3. According to new research, imagining eating a specific food reduces your interest in that food, so you eat less of it. This reac

According to new research, imagining eating a specific food reduces your interest in that food, so you eat less of it. This reac

admin2012-07-11  39
问题     According to new research, imagining eating a specific food reduces your interest in that food, so you eat less of it. This reaction to repeated exposure to food is called habituation (习惯化) ,and it’s well known to occur while eating. "A tenth bite of chocolate, for example, is desired less than the first bite," the study authors note.
    But the new research is the first to show that habituation can occur solely via the power of the mind. " A lot of people who diet try to avoid thinking about stimuli they desire. This research suggests that may not be the best strategy," said study leader Carey Morewedge, a psychologist at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh.
    " If you just think about the food itself—how it tastes, smells, and looks—that will increase your appetite," Morewedge said. "This research suggests that it might be better,actually,to force yourself to repeatedly think about tasting, swallowing, and chewing the food you desire to reduce your cravings. " What’s more,the technique works with only the food you’ve imagined,he added. For instance,imagining eating chocolate wouldn’t prevent you from gorging on cheese.
    Morewedge and colleagues conducted five experiments, all of which revealed that people who repeatedly imagined eating chocolate or cheese would eat less of that food than people who pictured eating the food fewer times,eating a different food,or not eating at all. In one experiment,for instance,51 subjects were divided into 3 groups. One group was asked to imagine inserting 30 quarters into a laundry machine—which requires the same motor skills as eating the chocolate M    The study is part of a new area of research looking into the triggers that make us overeat, Morewedge noted. Physical, digestive cues—that full-belly feeling—are only parts of what tells us that we’re finished a meal. Eecent research suggests that psychological factors,such as habituation or the size of a plate, also influence how much a person eats. Such experiments are important as obesity rates climb—in the United States, for instance, nearly 30 percent of adults were obese in 2009, according to the U. S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention The new study, Morewedge said, may lead to new behavioral techniques for people looking to control overeating or other addictive behaviors such as smoking.
The example of imagining eating chocolates in Paragraph 3 is to illustrate that______.
选项 A、cheese is one of the food you want to eat most
B、appetite reducing only works on the food imagined
C、imagining the taste and smell can reduce the appetite
D、imagining eating chocolate can prevent the desire for cheese
答案B
解析 语义理解题。本题考查第三段中吃巧克力这个例子阐明了什么。定位句中的the technique是综合指代了前文中提及的研究建议强迫自己不停地想象品尝、咀嚼或者吞咽想吃的食物，能降低对食物的欲望。该段第四句话说明这个策略只对想象的食物起作用。故答案为B)“降低食欲的策略只适用于你所想象的食物”。A)“奶酪是你最想吃的食物之一”与本文无关，排除；C)“想象食物的口味和气味能降低人的食欲”，此论述正确，但并非吃巧克力这一例子能说明的问题；D)“想象吃巧克力能阻止吃奶酪的欲望”，与原文正相反，故排除。
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