首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Over the past decade, American companies have tried hard to find ways to discourage senior managers from feathering their own ne
Over the past decade, American companies have tried hard to find ways to discourage senior managers from feathering their own ne
admin
2013-05-04
50
问题
Over the past decade, American companies have tried hard to find ways to discourage senior managers from feathering their own nests at the expense of their shareholder. The three most popular reforms have been recruiting more outside directors in order to make boards more independent, linking bosses’ pay to various performance measures, and giving bosses share options so that they have the same long-term interests as their shareholders.
These reforms have been widely adopted by America’s larger companies, and surveys suggest that many more companies are thinking of following their, lead. But have they done any good? Three papers presented at the annual meeting of the Academy of Management in Boston this week suggest not. As is usually the case with boardroom tinkering, the consequences have differed from those intended.
Start with those independent boards. On the face of it, dismissing the boss’s friends from the board and replacing them with outsiders looks a perfect way to make senior managers more accountable. But that is not the conclusion of a study by Professor James Westphal. Instead, he found that bosses with a boardroom full of outsiders spend much of their time building alliances, doing personal favors and generally pleasing the outsiders.
All too often, these seductions succeed. Mr. Westphal found that, to a remarkable degree, "independent" boards pursue strategies that are likely to favor senior managers rather than shareholders. Such companies diversify their business, increase the pay of executives and weaken the link between pay and performances. To assess the impact of performance-related pay, Mr. Westphal asked the bosses of 103 companies with sales of over $1 billion what measurements were used to determine their pay. The measurements varied widely, ranging from sales to earnings per share. But these researchers uncovered a startling finding: executives "attend to measures that affect their own incomes and ignore or play down other factors that determine a company’s overall success".
In Short, bosses are quick to turn every imaginable system of corporate government to their advantage, which is probably why they are the people who are put in charge of things. Here is a paradox for the management theorists: any boss who cannot beat a system designed to keep him under control is probably not worth having.
The author’s attitude toward the efforts to control senior executives would be ______.
选项
A、doubtful
B、optimistic
C、positive
D、approving
答案
A
解析
文章第二段第二句用转折的语气表达了他对改革效果的怀疑态度。由文章第二段末句“后果与预期的目的不同”可推知A项正确。B项optimistic“乐观”、C项positive“肯定”和D项 approving“赞同”均与作者的态度相悖。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/jtB7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
Ahappymarriageapparentlyisgoodmedicine,but【B1】______spousesmaybeharmfultooneanother’shealth.Couplesinconflict-
Ahappymarriageapparentlyisgoodmedicine,but【B1】______spousesmaybeharmfultooneanother’shealth.Couplesinconflict-
TheRevolutionaryWar,whichbeganofficiallyonApril19,1775,draggedonformorethansixbitteryears.Itwasa【B1】______f
Muchtimeandefforthasbeendedicatedtoresearchingthementalhealthbenefitsofflexibleworkenvironments.Butcantheabi
AccordingtothemostrecentAmericanFreshmansurvey,conductedannuallybytheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,undergra
Formanypeopletoday,readingisnolongerrelaxation.Tokeepuptheirworktheymustreadletters,reports,tradepublication
Lastyear,ournation’scapitalpassedthemurder-a-daymark,andthenumberofhomicidesisnowupsome50percentfromthatle
A、Advertiserstrytofindthelawtosupportthem.B、Advertisersuseddeerinadstoshowthecigaretteisevenlikedbydeer.C
Somemenstealoutofneedorgreed;otherskillthemselvesoutofsadness.Puttingtogether,theseindividualtaleswilldispla
A、EarlynewspapersinEngland.B、Theearlyhistoryofmagazines.C、ThelifeofDanielDefoe.D、Differencesbetweennewspapersan
随机试题
患者,男,61岁。眩晕欲仆,头重脚轻,筋惕肉瞤,肢麻震颤,腰膝酸软,舌红苔薄白,脉弦细。其病机是
粉针剂的一个批号是液体制剂的一个批号是
()是确定某个单项工程全部建设费用的文件,他由该工程项目内各单位概算书汇编而成。
服务业的营业税税率为( )。
帝曰:“今欲断诸北语……三十(岁)以下,见在朝廷之人,语音不听仍旧,若为故为,当加降黜(降职或罢官)。”这一举措是()。
东城女孩李某在广州打工,男青年刘某在武汉打工。今年年初,经双方父母撮合,两人建立恋爱关系,20余天后在区民政局领取了结婚证。婚后两人性格不合,时常争吵,刘某经常出手打李某。一次,俩人因一点小事而争吵,正在气头上的刘某用开水泼向李某,致使李某大面积烫伤,经鉴
甲乙签订合同,约定甲向乙出售家具。在履行合同过程中的下列何种情况下,甲可以将家具提存?()
下列关于科技常识的表述,正确的是()。
Theworkshoponhousing______wasinformativeandimpressive,especiallythespeechbyDr.Evans.
Ourteamtriumphed______Class3intheschoolfootballmatch.
最新回复
(
0
)