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  3. When you get interrupted in the middle of something, it can be hard to regain your train of thought, which can be annoying. But

When you get interrupted in the middle of something, it can be hard to regain your train of thought, which can be annoying. But

admin2022-10-25  111
问题     When you get interrupted in the middle of something, it can be hard to regain your train of thought, which can be annoying. But when you’re interrupted while measuring medication for patients, the consequences can be more serious. A new study published in the Archives of Internal Medicine finds that, perhaps unsurprisingly, when interrupted while dosing out medication, nurses are more likely to make mistakes.
    Researchers at the University of Sydney studied 98 nurses while they prepared and administered medications to more than 4,000 patients in almost 1.5 years. For a total of 505 hours during this period, investigators noted any interruptions that nurses encountered while dealing with medication, and also tracked two types of mistakes: procedural, which included things like not reading medication labels or failing to fully read a patient chart, and clinical, which included actually giving patients the wrong dose or wrong medication.
    For all administrations of medication studied, researchers noted that nurses were interrupted more than half the time (53％), and researchers noted procedural errors in nearly three quarters (74.4％) of administrations, and clinical errors in a quarter of all cases. The study authors also point out that the risk for major errors increased significantly the more when nurses were interrupted and that with no interruptions, the risk for a serious mistake was 2.3％.
    While it’s understandable that some interruptions will, of necessity, take place during a nurse’s work day, the authors suggest that such high levels of interruption and the resulting increase in errors associated with them point to a need for efforts to better enable nurses to focus on the task at hand. They write: "The converging evidence of the high rate of interruptions occurring during medication preparation and administration adds impetus to the need to develop and implement strategies to improve communication practices and to reduce unnecessary interruptions within ward environments."
    To that end, they suggest that simple measures such as installing white boards in hospital wards to prominently display commonly needed information or having nurses wear special "do not interrupt" vests while preparing or giving patients medication, could go some distance toward minimizing mistakes. They also suggest that reconsidering how the physical space of a hospital ward is organized could play a role in reducing errors. Whatever the potential solution, the authors say that this is indeed a problem, and one that requires additional research to solve.
It is implied in Paragraph 4 that interruptions are ________.
选项 A、unavoidable for a nurse at work
B、to blame for most medical accidents
C、supposed to be eliminated from hospitals
D、necessary outside ward environments
答案A
解析 根据题干可直接定位到第四段。其中第一句讲到护士在工作过程中一定会受到一些干扰，这些干扰无法避免(of necessity)，频频受干扰会使护士出错，我们可以通过制定一些策略来减少干扰。A项中的unavoidable“不可避免的”与文中的of necessity同义，故确定A项为本题答案。B项把问题扩大化，虽然第三段末句提到护士在被打扰时更容易出现重大失误，但说大部分医疗事故都归咎于干扰，不符合原文意思，也不符合常识，故可排除。C项用词不当，第四段最后一句表示的是“减少”干扰(reduce unnecessary interruptions)而非“消除”干扰，由该段第一句可知，干扰是不可避免的，故不可能使其完全消除。本文研究的是病房内的干扰，病房外的干扰并未提到，由此可排除D项。
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