2. 考研
  3. It has been argued that where schools become bureaucratized, they become bound up with the techniques and implementation of the

It has been argued that where schools become bureaucratized, they become bound up with the techniques and implementation of the

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问题     It has been argued that where schools become bureaucratized, they become bound up with the techniques and implementation of the managerial process, and may concentrate on concern with position and self-advancement. In so doing, they may neglect the purpose for which they were set up.
    Thus, they do not facilitate the development of those who are part of the school community, and tend to neglect the desires of children, parents and society at large.
    It is because of such criticisms that there has been an increasing influence in political rhetoric and legislation of free-market theories of organization and society. Such theories suggest that a much more market-oriented, competitive approach is required so that schools reorient themselves towards their "clients". By so doing, it is claimed, not only do they once again address the needs of those with whom they should be primarily concerned, but such an approach also unleashes the benefits of individual responsibility, freedom of choice, and reward.
    Though much of this sounds attractive, it has its roots as much in an economic body of thought as in social and political theory, and this must raise the question of whether it can be viably transferred to an educational context. Indeed, if by "educational" we mean the development of all within the school community, then free-market theory may miss the mark by concentrating on only one section, "the consumers". If teachers are seen as part of this community, then their development is just as important.
    If bureaucratic forms of management face the problem of explaining how their values can be objective when they are in fact the product of a particular value orientation, the forms of management derived from free-market theories, suggesting an openness to the adoption of different sets of values, are subject to the charge of relativism. In other words, free-market theories, granted that they are arguing that individuals should be allowed to pursue their own ends, must explain why any set of values, including their own, is preferable to another.
The transfer of free market ideas to the schools may fail because______.
选项 A、schools have no real clients
B、they concentrate only on the consumer and do not include teachers
C、schools are totally different from the free market
D、they have no solid purpose in their aims
答案B
解析 细节题。根据第四段倒数第二句“…by concentrating on only one section，‘the consum—ers’．”可知，学校不能转向自由市场是因为它只关注于“消费者”，故选B。
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