首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
During the early stages of the Industrial Revolution, advertising was a relatively straightforward means of announcement and com
During the early stages of the Industrial Revolution, advertising was a relatively straightforward means of announcement and com
admin
2010-03-25
66
问题
During the early stages of the Industrial Revolution, advertising was a relatively straightforward means of announcement and communication and was used mainly to promote novelties and fringe products. But when factory production got into full swing and new products, e.g. processed foods, came onto the market, national advertising campaigns and brand-naming of products became necessary. Before large-scale factory production, the typical manufacturing unit had been small and adaptable and the task of distributing and selling goods had largely been undertaken by wholesalers. The small non specialised factory which did not rely on massive investment in machinery had been flexible enough to adapt its production according to changes in public demands.
But the economic depression which lasted from 1873 to 1894 marked a turning point between the old method of industrial organisation and distribution and the new. From the beginning of the nineteenth century until the 1870s, production had steadily expanded and there had been a corresponding growth in retail outlets. But the depression brought on a crisis of over-production and under-consumption -- manufacture goods piled up unsold and prices and profits fell. Towards the end of the century many of the small industrial firms realised that they would be in a better position to weather economic depressions and slumps if they combined with other small businesses and widened the range of goods they produced so that all their eggs were not in one basket. They also realised that they would have to take steps to ensure that once their goods had been produced there was a market for them. This period ushered in the first phase of what economists now call "monopoly capitalism", which, roughly speaking, refers to the control of the market by a small number of giant, conglomerate enterprises. Whereas previously competitive trading had been conducted by small rival firms, after the depression the larger manufacturing units, and combines relied more and more on mass advertising to promote their new range of products.
A good example of the changes that occurred in manufacture and distribution at the turn of the century can be found in the soap trade. From about the 1850s the market had been flooded with anonymous bars of soap, produced by hundreds of small manufacturers and distributed by wholesalers and door-to-door sellers. Competition grew steadily throughout the latter half of the century and eventually the leading companies embarked on more aggressive selling methods in order to take customers away from their rivals. For instance, the future Lord Leverhulme decided to "brand" his soap by selling it in distinctive packages in order to facilitate recognition and encourage customer loyalty.
Lord Leverhulme was one of the first industrialists to realise that advertisements should contain "logical and considered" arguments as well as eye-catching and witty slogans. Many advertisers followed his lead and started to include "reason-why" copy in their ads. For example, one contemporary Pears soap ad went into great detail about how the product could enhance marital bliss by cutting down the time the wife had to spend with her arms in a bowl of frothy suds. And an ad for Cadbury’s cocoa not only proclaimed its purity but also detailed other benefits.. "for the infant it is a delight and a support; for the young girl, a source of healthy vigour; for the young miss in her teens a valuable aid to development ..." and so on. As the writer E.S. Turner rightly points out, the advertising of this period had reached the "stage of persuasion as distinct from proclamation or iteration". Indeed advertise or bust seemed to be the rule of the day as bigger and more expensive campaigns were mounted and smaller firms who did not, or could not, advertise, were squeezed or bought out by the larger companies.
An example of a product which might well have been advertised during the early stages of the Industrial Revolution is
选项
A、a cooking utensil.
B、a new child’s toy.
C、tinned fruit.
D、household soap.
答案
B
解析
这题的答案可以从文章的第一句中推理得到。第一句说During the early stages of the Industrial Revolution,advertising was a relatively straightforward means of announcement and communication and was used mainly to promote novelties and fringe products.所谓的novelties and fringe products指的是新奇和装饰性的产品。比较四个选项:A.烹饪器皿,B.新颖的儿童玩具,C罐装水果,D.家用肥皂,只有B基本符合要求。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/kEqO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Muchnewknowledgeisadmittedlyremotefromtheimmediateinterestsoftheordinarymaninthestreet.Heisnotintriguedori
Becauseofsatellitelinkswhichnowenablebroadcastnewsorganizationstooriginateliveprogrammingfromanypartoftheglob
Feministsociolinguists,overthecourseofthelastfewdecades,haveconductedstudiesthattheybelievesupporttheconclusio
Feministsociolinguists,overthecourseofthelastfewdecades,haveconductedstudiesthattheybelievesupporttheconclusio
Itisnocoincidencethattherelationshipbetweenourcountrieshasaccompaniedaperiodofpositivechange.Chinahasliftedh
Yetthedifferenceintoneandlanguagemuststrikeus,sosoonasitisphilosophythatspeaks:thatchangeshouldremindusth
Yetthedifferenceintoneandlanguagemuststrikeus,sosoonasitisphilosophythatspeaks:thatchangeshouldremindusth
Insomecountrieswhereracialprejudiceisacute,violencehassocometobetakenforgrantedasameansofsolvingdifference
A、Weshouldbuildmoreschoolstoensureoursuccess.B、Educationistheverycauseweshouldcontinuedevotingourselvesto.C、
WallStreetStocksaremixedwithbluechipsreboundingfrom(1).RightnowtheDOWindustrialsareupnearly12pointsat(2)
随机试题
一直以来,高楼大厦被视为城市的象征,甚至很多地方以建筑高度作为城市现代化的象征。越来越多的摩天大楼拔地而起,竞相突破城市天际线的纪录。根据我国《民用建筑设计统一标准》,建筑高度大于100米的即为超高层建筑。这些摩天大楼虽然看起来“挺拔壮观”,但背后的隐患不
股骨干骨折梅花型髓内针固定不适合下列哪种类型骨折
对糖尿病患者的护理措施哪项是错误的
最符合肝硬化腹水改变的是
按照()的观点,建设项目的组织管理需要对整个项目进行全面分析,实施建设项目目标集成化管理。
唐太宗说:“以天下之广,四海之众,千端万绪,须合变通,皆委百司商量,宰相筹画,于事稳便,方可奏行。岂得以一日万机,独断一人之虑也。”材料表明他主张()。
“善禁者,先禁其身而后人;不善禁者,先禁人而后身。”因此,加强高素质法治专门队伍和法律服务队伍建设,提高法治工作队伍和法律服务队伍的思想政治素质是重要的和必要的。这表明,全面依法治国的重要依托是
假定有以下程序段n=0fori=1to3fori=4to-1n=n+1nextjnexti运行完毕后,n的值是
Fromareviewofallthesevariouscriticismsofdailynewspapers,itwouldseemthatanumberofthematleasthavefallenshor
唐三彩(theTangtri-coloredglazedpottery)是一种以黄、褐、绿为基本色的陶器(ceramics),它盛行于唐代,距今已有1300多年的历史。它吸取了中国国画、雕塑等工艺美术的特点,以其鲜明的色彩、独特的制作工艺深得人们的
最新回复
(
0
)