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  3. Anthropology is the study of human beings as creatures of society. It fastens its attention upon those physical characteristics

Anthropology is the study of human beings as creatures of society. It fastens its attention upon those physical characteristics

admin2005-06-26  62
问题     Anthropology is the study of human beings as creatures of society. It fastens its attention upon those physical characteristics and industrial techniques, those conventions and values, which distinguish one community from all others that belong to a different tradition.
    The distinguishing mark of anthropology among the social sciences is that it includes for serious study other societies than our own. For its purposes any social regulation of mating and reproduction is as significant as our own, though it may be that of the Sea Dyak, and have no possible historical relation to that of our civilization. To the anthropologist, our customs and those of a New Guinea tribe are two possible social schemes for dealing with a common problem, and in so far as he remains an anthropologist he is bound to avoid any weighting of one in favor of the other. He is interested in human behavior, not as it is shaped by one tradition, our own, but as it has been shaped by any tradition whatsoever. He is interested in a wide range of custom that is found in various cultures, and his object is to understand the way in which these cultures change and differentiate, the different forms through which they express themselves and the manner in which the customs of people function in the lives of the individuals.
    Now custom has not been commonly regarded as a subject of any great moment. The inner workings of our own brains we feel to be uniquely worthy of investigation, but custom, we have a way of thinking, is behavior at its most commonplace. As a matter of fact, it is the other way round. Traditional custom is a mass of detailed behavior more astonishing than what any one person can ever evolve in individual actions. Yet that is a rather trivial aspect of the matter. The fact of first-rate importance is the predominant role that custom plays in experience and belief, and the very great varieties it may manifest.
Which of the following does the author most probably agree with?
选项 A、The goal of the anthropologist is to understand the way in which people express themselves.
B、The anthropologist tries to understand why cultures are carried on without any change.
C、The anthropologist’s professional interest is as wide as the variety of customs.
D、All of the above.
答案D
解析 文章第二段中提到：人类学家对人类的行为感兴趣，不是因为这种行为是由一种传统形成的，而是因为它是由任何一种传统形成的。他对发现于不同文化之中的许多习俗都感兴趣，他的目的就是要了解这些文化变更和分化的方式，了解这些文化表现自己的不同形式，了解民族习俗在个人的生活中起作用的方式。由这几句可以推出A、B、C项都是作者同意的观点。所以本题的正确答案为D。
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