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  3. Take Steps to Protects Children Preventing childhood injuries would seem a tough task. But there’s a long list of proven way

Take Steps to Protects Children Preventing childhood injuries would seem a tough task. But there’s a long list of proven way

admin2014-06-13  64
问题                         Take Steps to Protects Children
    Preventing childhood injuries would seem a tough task. But there’s a long list of proven ways to make the world safer for children. The World Health Organization wants its 193 member nations—and especially those in the developing world, where most deaths from injury occur—to know that accidents don’t have to happen.
    Many prevention strategies used by rich societies are only now being adopted in the developing world. They include strict drunken-driving laws; requirements that wells be covered and swimming pools fenced off; installing window guards in upper-story apartments; having standards for child-resistant lighters; requiring child-resistant packaging of drugs, stove fuel and poisons; and establishing poison-control centers and burn units.
    Traffic injuries are perhaps the most dramatic example of how much could be gained if strategies that have been shown to prevent injury were put in place more broadly. Traffic injuries are the leading cause of death worldwide for 15-to- 19-year-olds and the second-leading cause for children 5 to 14. But the use of seat belts, child seats and helmets, and the institution of "graduated licensing" of new drivers are essentially unknown in many countries.
    For society, the payoff of prevention efforts is huge. For every $ 1 invested in bike helmets and child seats, for example, $29 is saved in health care, disability and lost income costs. But for individuals, prevention is often economically burdensome. According to the WHO report, a factory laborer in a low-income country must work 11 times as long as his counterpart in a high-income country to buy a bicycle helmet. For a child soar, it’s 16 times as long.
    At the same time, some countries have risks not widely shared by others. Death rates from bums are 11 times as high in developing countries as in industrialized ones. European and American boys and girls have virtually equal rates of death from fire. In South Asia and Southeast Asia, however, girls’ mortality is three times that of boys because girls assist in family cooking at an early age; and the heat source is often an open flame on the ground; and female clothes are long and flowing.
    Prevention in those societies may need to include changes as simple—and as difficult—as getting the stove up to waist height.
Which is the possible meaning of the word "counterpart" (Line 9, Para. 4)?
选项 A、Apart in a high-income country.
B、A person who does the same job.
C、A coworker of the factory laborer.
D、A kind of work which can make money.
答案B
解析 语义理解题。由题干中的counterpart定位到第四段第四句。从本句的结构可以看出，作者是对两个国家的类似情况进行对比，那么比较的对象就应该是一致的。而第一个比较对象是低收入国家的factory laborer，那么可以推断出第二个比较对象高收入国家的counterpart也应该是与之处于同等层次的人。所以[B]“做同样工作的人即同行”符合原文的意思。[A]“高收入国家的某个部分”、[C]“工人的同事”和[D]“能挣到钱的一种工作”都不符合原文意思，故排除。
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